Torreya taxifolia Arn. is an evergreen conifer endemic to the slopes of the Apalachicola River presently located in two Florida panhandle counties and one county in Georgia. T. taxifolia has lost at least 98.5% of its total population size since the early 1900s, causing that this species be federally listed as endangered. The loss of T. taxifolia is thought to have primarily been a result of fungal pathogens during the 1950s and 1960s, and/ or a combination of environmental stress and native pathogens, but studies have yet to provide an explanation for this species’ decline. The pathogen F. torreyae is a key contributor to the continued decline of this species. The magnitude of stem damage caused by deer rubbing represents a current threat; the vascular cambium is rubbed off causing an aperture for fungal infection. Overcollection was a threat of high importance in the past, but at present is not of concern.Despite the conservation actions to protect and determine the cause of this species’ decline, the degree of threat to its persistence remains high; therefore, the threat of extinction that faces T. taxifolia is imminent.