The Cryopreservation Lab at Warm Springs Fish Technology Center develops cryopreservation techniques to support fisheries conservation across the Service and for our partners.  

Cryopreservation is a process in which a living cell can be frozen, stored, thawed, and  remain viable for future growth.  The cryopreservation lab at Warm Springs Fish Technology Center focuses on developing and implementing cryopreservation techniques to secure the remaining genetic diversity of endangered species, reduce issues caused by non-coincident mating, improve control in artificial spawning programs, and transfer wild genetics into hatchery stocks. 

Conservation Benefits of Cryopreservation 

The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service’s Fish and Aquatic Conservation Program uses cryopreservation to help preserve  genetic diversity for species that are threatened, endangered, or at risk. When a population of fish or other wildlife are on decline in the wild, cryopreservation can allow us to preserve  their genetic diversity before it is lost, and it can buffer a vulnerable species against catastrophic losses or even extinction.  Cryopreserved sperm can also assist reproductive efforts by allowing spawning to take place whenever females are ready. For vulnerable species with limited populations, this reduces the need to hold males for long periods of time and can increase the flexibility and genetic diversity in future generations.  

How many samples do we have?  

The Warm Springs Fish Technology Center houses more than sixty-thousand samples. We also send many samples to the USDA’s National Animal Germplasm Repository to further ensure safeguarding of our cryopreserved resources.  All of our samples are housed at multiple locations to protect against a catastrophic event causing the loss of all of the samples.  Additionally, within each location, the storage vessels are outfitted with alarms to notify personnel of a drop in liquid nitrogen levels. 

A geneticist sits at a lab bench performing DNA extraction on lake sturgeon samples.
Image Details
Geneticist Ashantye Williams performing DNA extractions of Lake sturgeon in the Genetics Lab.

Species the lab works with: 

  • White sturgeon (Acipenser transmontanus) 

  • Shortnose sturgeon (Acipenser brevirostrum) 

  • Lake sturgeon (Acipenser fulvescens) 

  • Green sturgeon (Acipenser medirostris) 

  • Atlantic sturgeon (Acipenser oxyrinchus oxyrinchus) 

  • American shad (Alosa sapidissima) 

  • Alligator gar (Atractosteus spatula) 

  • Bonytail chub (Gila elegans) 

  • Striped bass (Morone saxilitis) 

  • Robust redhorse (Moxostoma robustum) 

  • Sicklefin redhorse (Moxostoma sp.) 

  • Cutthroat trout (Oncorhynchus clarkii) 

  • Gila trout (Oncorhynchus gilae) 

  • Apache trout (Oncorhynchus gilae apache) 

  • Rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) 

  • Kokanee salmon (Oncorhynchus nerka) 

  • Paddlefish (Polyodon spathula) 

  • Brown trout (Salmo trutta) 

  • Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar) 

  • Brook trout (Salvelinus fontinalis) 

  • Pallid sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus albus) 

  • Shovelnose sturgeon (Scaphirhynchus platorynchus) 

  • Alabama sturgeon (Scaphirhyncus suttkusi) 

  • Red drum (Sciaenops ocellatus) 

  • Walleye (Stizostedion vitreum) 

  • Freshwater mussels – various species 

Contact Information

Programs

150 Years. National Fish Hatchery System.” in front of glossy orange eggs against a white background.
The National Fish Hatchery System works to support healthy, self-sustaining populations of fish and other aquatic species across the country. Every year we raise and stock over 100 million fish to support the recovery and restoration of imperiled species, recreational fishing, and Tribal...
Program
Juvenile Northern Pike in aquarium at Gavins Point National Fish Hatchery, South Dakota
The Fish and Aquatic Conservation program leads aquatic conservation efforts for the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service. We are committed to tackling the nation’s highest priority aquatic conservation and recreational challenges to conserve, restore, and enhance fisheries for future generations.
Program
Falls Church,VA

Facilities

The Fish Technology Center brown and white entrance sign welcomes visitors to the facility.
Warm Springs Fish Technology Center
Warm Springs Fish Technology Center provides leadership in the science-based management of aquatic resources through the development of new concepts, strategies, technologies, and techniques to solve problems and develop innovative efficiencies for hatchery operations and for aquatic resources...
Conservation Office
Warm Springs,GA