Endangered and threatened wildlife and plants; determination of threatened status for the California tiger salamander; and special rule exemption for existing routine ranching activities; final rule

We, the Fish and Wildlife Service (Service), determine threatened status for the California tiger salamander (Ambystoma californiense), under the Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended (Act). The California tiger salamander, Central population is threatened by habitat destruction, degradation, and fragmentation due to urban development and conversion to intensive agriculture. We also finalize the 4(d) rule for the species rangewide, which exempts existing routine ranching activities.