Species that are considered uncertain risk need a more in-depth assessment beyond the Risk Summary to better define the species’ risk to U.S. environments.
Hypostomus nigromaculatus is a catfish native to the middle and upper Paraná River basin in Brazil. This species has no documented history of introduction in the United States or elsewhere outside its native range, and it is not known to be in trade. However, unidentified species of Hypostomus are established in the United States. History of invasiveness is uncertain. Climate match to the contiguous United States was medium overall, with high match in peninsular Florida. Because of the lack of documented introduction history and substantial taxonomic uncertainty, certainty of this assessment is low and overall risk is uncertain.