Species that are considered uncertain risk need a more in-depth assessment beyond the Risk Summary to better define the species’ risk to U.S. environments.
Hoplias brasiliensis is a species of characiform fish native to coastal rivers in eastern Brazil. It has not been reported as introduced in the United States or elsewhere outside its native range, but is listed as a prohibited species in the State of Florida. Within its native range, H. brasiliensis is harvested for human consumption. The climate match with the contiguous United States was low overall, with medium matches occurring in parts of Florida, Louisiana, Texas, and California. Because of the lack of introduction history, the certainty of assessment is low and history of invasiveness is uncertain. The overall risk posed by H. brasiliensis is classified as “Uncertain.”