Species that are considered uncertain risk need a more in-depth assessment beyond the Risk Summary to better define the species’ risk to U.S. environments.
Creeping Primrose-Willow, Ludwigia repens, is an aquatic plant native to the Atlantic and Gulf Coastal areas of southern United States and south to El Salvador. It is also native to areas of the Caribbean. The history of invasiveness is classified as Data Deficient. This species has been introduced and is reported as naturalized in India, Bangladesh, and Australia. In Australia, it is considered an aquatic weed. Limited information on actual impacts of introduction was available. It is reported that L. repens can form dense mats, which have the potential to clog waterways and exclude native plants. This species can also hybridize with other species of the genus. L. repens is widely found in the aquarium trade in the United States and internationally. No substantial trade information was available. The overall climate match for the contiguous United States was High, with high match being found throughout the South in the native range, as well as expanding beyond the native range in the West and Midwest. The certainty of assessment is Low due to limited available information. The overall risk assessment category for Ludwigia repens is Uncertain.
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Uncertain Risk
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