Wildlife watching

Canaan Valley National Wildlife Refuge supports over 290 species of mammals, birds, reptiles, amphibians, and fish. With over 34 miles of trails to explore and a wide variety of habitats and elevations, there are plenty of opportunities to view wildlife in their natural habitat.

In the spring, Canaan Valley springs to life in the vibrant colors of spring wildflowers and the combined melodies of songbirds and amphibians. Spring rains fill vernal pools, temporary bodies of water which amphibians such as wood frogs and spotted salamanders use to lay their eggs. This time of year is also the best time to witness the mating display of the American woodcock. Listen for the iconic peeennnt of the males as they put on a show for the hens at dawn and dusk.

In the summer, the refuge buzzes with activity as many animals are raising their young during this resource-abundant season. Crossing the road or trail, you might glimpse a black bear and her cubs, a white-tailed deer and her fawn, or a turkey and all her poults! Keep an eye and ear out for bobolinks nesting in the grasslands around Freeland Road and the Beall trails.

Fall colors paint the refuge in vivid hues and wildlife bustles about preparing for the upcoming winter. Migratory birds flit through the trees and rest on the water as they journey south. Look out for monarchs on milkweeds as they prepare for long journeys of their own.

Winters cast an ethereal beauty over the snow-covered landscape. Be on the lookout for signs of wildlife through their tracks in the snow. This is also the best time of year to see short-eared owls prowling over open fields.