Information presented on this website does not imply any official U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service endorsement of the opinions or ideas expressed therein, or guarantee of the validity of the information provided.  Individual document content is solely the authors’ responsibility.  

Our attempt is to provide a comprehensive list of references for fisher and marten, as well as, provide a location to access documents (upon author approval) that may be more difficult to obtain.  This list of references and associated links below is a work in progress; we acknowledge there are errors within.  We appreciate your patience in this ongoing, time consuming process and welcome your assistance in providing corrections.  Please contact scott_yaeger@fws.gov with relevant citations (or documents) that may be missing, corrections, and/or approvals to post your work.             (Last updated: September 2007)

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A

Abbott, J. B. (1945). Fur-Bearing dynamite--the fisher. Pennsylvania Game News 16(2): 4-5.

Adair, W. A. (2003). Modeling habitat quality for American martens 0in western Newfoundland, Canada. DAI-B 64(03): 1019-1468.

Addison, E. M., Strickland, M. A., Stephenson, A. B. and Hoeve, J. (1988). Cranial lesions possibly associated with Skrjabingylus (Nematoda: Metastrongyloidea) infections in martens, fishers, and otters. Canadian Journal of Zoology 66(10): 2155-2159.

Allen, A. W. (1983). Habitat suitability index models: Fisher. US Fish and Wildlife Service Biological Report 82.

Anderson, E. (1994). Evolution, Prehistoric distribution, and Systematics of Martes. 13-25.

Anderson, K. H. (1963). Statewide wildlife investigations: Fur resources study.

Aniskowicz-Fowler, B. T. (2000). Marten manipulations. 30-33.

Apps, C. (1995). East Kootenay fisher reintroduction habitat feasibility assessment. Cranbrook, British Columbia, Canada: B.C. Ministry of Environment.

Arthur, S. M. (1987). Ecology of Fishers in south-central Maine. UNIV. OF MAINE.

Arthur, S. M. (1988). An evaluation of techniques for capturing and radio collaring Fishers Wildlife Society Bulletin 16(4): 417-421.

Arthur, S. M., Cross, R. A., Paragi, T. F., William, B. K., Krohn, W. and et al. (1992). Precision and utility of Cementum Annuli for estimating ages of Fishers. Wildlife Society Bulletin 20(4): 402-405 | 402.

Arthur, S. M. and Krohn, W. B. (1991). Activity patterns, movements, and reproductive ecology of Fishers in south central Maine. Journal of Mammalogy 72(2): 379-385.

Arthur, S. M., Krohn, W. B. and Gilbert, J. R. (1989). Habitat use and diet of Fishers. Journal of Wildlife Management 53(3): 680-688.

Arthur, S. M., Krohn, W. B. and Gilbert, J. R. (1989). Home range characteristics of adult Fishers. Journal of Wildlife Management 53(3): 674-679.

Arthur, S. M., Krohn, W. B. and Paragi, T. F. (1989). Fishers and Forests. 259.

Arthur, S. M., Paragi, T. F. and Krohn, W. B. (1993). Dispersal of juvenile Fishers in Maine. Journal of Wildlife Management 57(4): 868-874 | 868.

Aubry, K. B. (1997). Remote camera survey to detect the presence of fishers in southwestern Oregon:sampling protocol. 13. Olympia: USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station.

Aubry, K. B. and Houston, D. B. (1992). Distribution and status of the Fisher (Martes Pennanti) in Washington. Northwestern Naturalist 73(3): 69-79.

Aubry, K. B. and Houston, D. B. (1992). Distribution and status of the Fisher in Washington. Northwest Science 66(2): 125.

Aubry, K. B. and Jagger., L. A. (2006). The importance of obtaining verifiable occurrence data on forest carnivores and an interactive website for archiving results from standardized surveys. In Martes in carnivore communities: 30. Santos-Reis, M., Proulx, G., Birks, J. D. S. and O’Doherty, E. C. (Eds.). Sherwood Park: Alpha Wildlife Publications.

Aubry, K. B. and Lewis, J. C. (2003). Extirpation and reintroduction of fishers (Martes pennanti) in Oregon: implications for their conservation in the Pacific states. Biological Conservation 114(1): 79-90.

Aubry, K. B. and Raley, C. M. (2002). Ecological characteristics of fishers in the southern Oregon Cascade Range. Final progress report: 1 June 2002. Olympia, Washington, USA: USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station.

Aubry, K. B. and Raley, C. M. (2006). Ecological Characteristics of Fishers (Martes Pennanti) in the Southern Oregon Cascade Range. 31. Olympia: USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Olympia Forestry Sciences Laboratory, 3625 93rd Ave. SW, Olympia, WA 98512.

Aubry, K. B. and Raley, C. M. (2006). Ecological characteristics of fishers (Martes pennanti) in the southern Oregon Cascade Range.  Update: July 2006. 30. UDSA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station, Olympia, WA, USA.

Aubry, K. B., Raley, C. M., Catton, T. J. and Tomb, G. W. (1999). Ecological characteristics of fishers in southwestern Oregon. Progress report: 1 January - 31 December 1998. Olympia, Washington, USA: USDA Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station.

Aubry, K. B., Wahl, F. E. and et al. (1997). Use of remote video cameras for the detection of forest carnivores and in radio-telemetry studies of fishers. 350-361.

Aubry, K. B., Wisely, S. M., Raley, C. M. and Buskirk, S. W. (2004). Zoogeography, spacing patterns, and dispersal in fishers: insights gained from combining field and genetic data. In Martens and fisher (Martes) in human-altered environments: an international perspective: 201-220. Harrison, D. J. and Fuller, A. K. (Eds.). New York, New York, USA: Springer Science+Business Media.

B

Badry, M. J. (1995). Habitat use by fishers (Martes pennanti) in the aspen parkland of Alberta. University of Alberta.

Badry, M. J., Proulx, G. and Woodard, P. M. (1997). Home-range and habitat use by fishers translocated to the aspen parkland of Alberta. 233-251.

Baghli, A., Engel, E. and Verhagen, R. (2002). Feeding habits and trophic niche overlap of two sympatric Mustelidae, the polecat Mustela putorius and the beech marten Martes foina. Zeitschrift fur Jagdwissenschaft 48(4): 217-225.

Baines, D., Moss, R. and Dugan, D. (2004). Capercaillie breeding success in relation to forest habitat and predator abundance. Journal of Applied Ecology 41(1): 59-71.

Banci, V. (1989). A fisher management strategy for British Columbia. 130. Victoria: Ministry of Environment.

Barkalow, F. S., Jr. (1961). The porcupine and fisher in Alabama Archeological sites. Journal of Mammalogy 41(3): 409-410.

Batcheller, G. R. (2001). Fisher in New York: another wildlife success story. 2-5.

Baudvin, H., Jouaire, S., Baudvin, H. and Jouaire, S. (2003). Les causes de mortalite chez les chouettes hulottes adultes Strix aluco dans quelques forets de Bourgogne. [Causes of death of adult tawny owls Strix aluco in some forests of the Burgundy.]. Alauda 71(2): 221-226.

Bayne, E. M. and Hobson, K. A. (1997). Temporal patterns of predation on artificial nests in the southern boreal forest. Journal of Wildlife Management 61(4): 1227-1234 | 1227.

Bayne, E. M. and Hobson, K. A. (1999). ¿Atraen los huevos de arcilla a los depredadores hacia los nidos artificiales? [Do clay eggs attract predators to artificial nests?]. Journal of Field Ornithology 70(1): 1-7.

Bayne, E. M., Hobson, K. A. and Fargey, P. (1997). Predation on artificial nests in relation to forest type: contrasting the use of quail and plasticine eggs. Ecography 20(3): 233-239.

Beckwitt, E. (1990). Petition for a rule to list the fisher as endangered. North San Juan, California, USA: Sierran Biodiversity Project.

Beheler, A. S., Fike, J. A., Dharmarajan, G., Rhodes, O. E., Jr. and Serfass, T. L. (2005). Ten new polymorphic microsatellite loci for North American river otters (Lontra canadensis) and their utility in related mustelids. Molecular Ecology Notes 5(3): 602-604.

Belant, J. L. (1991). Immobilization of Fishers (Martes pennanti) with Ketamine Hydrochloride and Xylazine HydrochloriideI. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 27(2): 328-330.

Belant, J. L. (2003). Comparison of 3 tracking mediums for detecting forest carnivores. Wildlife Society Bulletin 31(3): 744-747 | 744.

Belant, J. L. (2003). A hairsnare for forest carnivores. Wildlife Society Bulletin 31(2): 482-485 | 482.

Bell, T. A. (1952). The Muskrat in Wyoming: Proper management of a valuable fur resource demands legislative action. Wyoming Wildlife 16(12): 4-11.

Berg, W. E. (1982). Reintroduction of fisher, pine marten and river otter. In Midwest furbearer management: 159-175. Sanderson, G. C. (Ed.) Bloomington, Illinois, USA: North Central Section of the Wildlife Society.

Berg, W. E. and David, W. K. (1994). Demography and range of Fishers and American Martens in a changing Minnesota landscape. 262-271.

Berg, W. E. and DonCarlos, M. (1996). Fisher and marten management in Minnesota. 127.

Beyer, K. M. and Golightly, R. T. (1996). Distribution of Pacific fisher and other forest carnivores in coastal northwestern California. Arcata, California, USA: Humboldt State University.

Birks, J. D. S., Messenger, J. E. and Halliwell, E. C. (2005). Diversity of den sites used by pine martens Martes martes: a response to the scarcity of arboreal cavities? Mammal Review 35(3-4 | 3/4): 313-320.

Blanchard, H. (1964). Weight of a large Fisher. Journal of Mammalogy 45(3): 487-488.

Boise, C. M. (1975). Skull measurements as criteria for aging Fishers. New York Fish and Game Journal 22(1): 32-37.

Boroski, B. B., Golightly, R. T., Mazzoni, A. K. and Sager, K. A. (1998). Fisher research and the Kings River Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Project: Current results and future efforts. In Symposium on the Kings River Sustainable Forest Ecosystem Project. Verner, J. (Ed.) Clovis, CA: USDA Forest Service, Pacific Southwest Research Station.

Boudreau, M. (1998). Nova Scotia's fisher. Nova Scotia Trappers Newsletter (34).

Bourne, J. (1997). Midsize carnivores are losing ground. In Defenders:The conservations magazine of Defenders of Wildlife: 14-21.

Bowman, J., Donovan, D. and Rosatte, R. C. (2006). Numerical response of Fishers to synchronous prey dynamics Journal of Mammalogy 87(3): 480-484.

Bowman, J. and Robitaille, J. F. (2005). An assessment of expert-based marten habitat models used for forest management in Ontario. The Forestry Chronicle 81(6): 801-807.

Bradt, G. W. (1947). Wolverine, marten, fisher. Michigan Conservation 16(7): 4.

Brainerd, S. M. and Rolstad, J. (2002). Habitat selection by Eurasian pine martens Martes martes in managed forests of southern boreal Scandinavia. Wildlife Biology 8(4): 289-297.

Brander, R. B. and Brooks, D. J. (1973). Return of the fisher. Natural History 82(1): 52-57.

Broekhuizen, S., Dijkstra, V. A. A. and Muskens, G. J. D. M. (2000). Remarkable wandering of a male pine marten Martes martes. [Opmerkelijke omzwerving van een boommartermannetje Martes martes.]. Lutra 43(2): 118-123.

Broekhuizen, S. and Muskens, G. J. D. M. (2000). Utilization of rural and suburban habitat by pine marten Martes martes and beech marten M. foina: species-related potential and restrictions for adaptation. Lutra 43(2): 222-227.

Broekhuizen, S. and Wijsman, H. J. W. (2000). Gaps in knowledge about the pine marten Martes martes in relation to protection policy and management. [Lacunes in de kennis over de boommarter met betrekking tot beheer en beleid.]. Lutra 43(2): 240-247.

Brooks, R. T. (1996). Assessment of two camera-based systems for monitoring arboreal wildlife. Wildlife Society Bulletin 24(2): 298-300 | 298.

Brown, M. K. and Gary, R. P. (1982). Fisher management in New York-preliminary results. Transactions of the Northeast Section of the Wildlife Society 39: 21.

Brown, M. K. and Gary, R. P. (1983). Movement of a male fisher in southern New York. New York Fish and Game Journal 30(1): 114-115.

Brown, M. K. and Will, G. (1979). Food habits of the Fisher in northern New York. New York Fish and Game Journal 26(1): 87-92.

Brown, R. N., Gabriel, M. W., Matthews, S., Higley, J. M., Wengert, G. and Foley, J. E. (2005). Pathogens associated with Pacific fishers (Martes pennanti) in northwestern California: Implications for trapping and translocation. A preliminary report to the U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service.

Brown, R. N., Gabriel, M. W., Matthews, S., Higley, J. M., Wengert, G. and Foley, J. E. (2006). Pathogens associated with Pacific fishers (Martes pennanti) in northwestern California - final report. United State Fisher and Wildlife Service, Yreka, California, USA.

Brown, R. N., Gabriel, M. W., Matthews, S., Higley, J. M., Wengert, G. and Foley, J. E. (In Press). Fecally transmitted pathogens associated with Pacific fishers (Martes pennanti) in northwestern California. Transactions of the Western Section of The Wildlife Society.

Bryant, H. N., McGillivray, W. B. and Bartlett, W. B. (1997). Skeletal morphometrics of fishers from Alberta: Sexual size dimorphism and age-class comparisons. 40-58.

Buck, S. G. (1982). Habitat utilization by fisher (Martes pennanti) near Big Bar, California. 85. Arcata, California, USA: Humboldt State University.

Buck, S. G., Mullis, C. and Mossman, A. S. (1979). A radio-telemetry study of fishers in northwestern California. Cal-Neva Wildlife Transactions: 166-172.

Buck, S. G., Mullis, C. and Mossman, A. S. (1983). Corral Bottom-Hayfork Bally fisher study: Final report. 138. Arcata, California, USA: Humboldt State University, USDA Forest Service.

Buck, S. G., Mullis, C., Mossman, A. S., Show, I. and Coolahan, C. (1994). Habitat use by fishers in adjoining heavily and lightly harvested forest. In Martens, sables, and fishers: biology and conservation: 368-376. Buskirk, S. W., Harestad, A. S., Raphael, M. G. and Powell, R. A. (Eds.). Ithaca, New York, USA: Cornell University Press.

Bull, E. L. (2000). Seasonal and sexual differences in American marten diet in northeastern Oregon. Northwest Science 74(3): 186-191.

Bull, E. L., Aubry, K. B. and Wales, B. C. (2001). Effects of Disturbance on Forest Carnivores of Conservation Concern in Eastern Oregon and Washington Northwest Science 75(Suppl): 180-184.

Bull, E. L. and Blumton, A. K. (1999). Effect of Fuels Reduction on American Martens and Their Prey. 12. La Grande: United States Department of Agriculture Forest Service, Pacific Northwest Research Station.

Bull, E. L. and Heater, T. W. (2000). Resting and denning sites of American martens in northeastern Oregon. Northwest Science 74(3): 179-185.

Bull, E. L. and Heater, T. W. (2001). Home range and dispersal of the American Marten in northeastern Oregon. Northwestern Naturalist 82(1): 7-11.

Bull, E. L. and Heater, T. W. (2001). Survival, causes of mortality, and reproduction in the American Marten in northeastern Oregon. Northwestern Naturalist 82(1): 1-6.

Bull, E. L., Heater, T. W. and Shepherd, J. F. (2005). Habitat selection by the American marten in northeastern Oregon. Northwest Science 79(1): 37-43.

Buskirk, S. W. (1994). Introduction to the Genus Martes. 1-10.

Buskirk, S. W. (2000). "The conservation status of New World mustelids". 41-52.

Buskirk, S. W., Alton, S. H., Martin, G. R. and Roger, A. P. (1994). Martens, Sables, and Fishers: Biology and conservation. Comstock Publishing Associates.

Buskirk, S. W. and Powell, R. A. (1994). Habitat ecology of fishers and American martens. In Martens, sables and fishers: biology and conservation: 283-296. Buskirk, S. W., Harestad, A. S., Raphael, M. G. and Powell, R. A. (Eds.). Ithaca, New York, USA: Cornell University Press.

Buskirk, S. W. and Zielinski, W. J. (2003). Small and mid-sized carnivores. In Mammal community dynamics: management and conservation in the coniferous forests of western North America: 207-249. Zabel, C. J. and Anthony, R. G. (Eds.). Cambridge University Press.

C

Cadot, M. (1978). Two tracks diverged. New Hampshire Audubon Annual: 15-22.

California Department of Fish and Game (2002). Species information report for fisher. In California's Statewide Wildlife Habitat Relationships System - Version 8. Sacramento, California, USA.

California Department of Fish and Game (2003). California Natural Diversity Database: Full condensed report for Pacific fisher. Sacramento, California, USA.

Campbell, L. A., Zielinski, W. J. and Macfarlane, D. C. (2000). A risk assessment for four forest carnivores in the Sierra Nevada under proposed Forest Service management activities. 131. USDA Forest Service: Sierra Nevada Framework Project.

Cannings, S. G., Ramsay, L. R., Fraser, D. F. and Fraker, M. A. (1999). Fisher Martes pennanti. In Rare amphibians, reptiles, and mammals of British Columbia: 198. Victoria: Wildl. Branch and Resour. Inv. Branch, B.C. Ministry Environ., Lands and Parks,.

Carlson, B. L. and Svend, W. N. (1985). Thyroid adenoma and ovarian luteinzation in an aged Fisher(Martes pennanti). Journal of Wildlife Diseases 21(3): 320-324.

Carlson, B. L. and Vito, G. S. (1984). Dracunculus insignis in Fishers in New Hampshire. American Veterinary Medical Association Journal 185(11): 1327.

Carlton, D. C. (1994). Petition for a rule to list the fisher, Martes pennanti, as "threatened" in the western United States under the Endangered Species Act, 16 U.S.C. Sec 1531 et seq. (1973) as amended. Boulder, Colorado, USA: Biodiversity Legal Foundation.

Carney, S. M. (1950). Fisher research study: Final report.

Carr, D. (2005). Genetic Structure of a Recolonizing Population of Fishers (Martes pennanti). In Watershed Ecosystems Graduate Program: 61. Peterborough: Trent.

Carr, D., J. Bowman, and P. J. Wilson. 2007. Density-dependent dispersal suggests a genetic measure of habitat suitability. Oikos 116:629-635.

Carr, D., J. Bowman, C. J. Kyle, S. M. Tully, E. L. Koen, J.-F. Robitaille, and P. J. Wilson. 2007. Rapid homogenization of multiple sources: Genetic structure of a recolonizing population of fishers. Journal of Wildlife Management 71(6):1853-1861.

Carroll, C., Noss, R. and Slauson, K. (1998). The Klamath-Siskiyou Ecoregion: case study for focal species analysis. Wild Earth 8(4): 86-87.

Carroll, C., Noss, R. F. and Paquet, P. C. (2001). Carnivores as focal species for conservation planning in the Rocky Mountain Region. Ecological Applications 11(4): 961-980.

Carroll, C., Noss, R. F. and Strittholt, J. R. (1998). The wolf as a focal species for regional conservation planning: a reintroduction feasibility study for the Klamath Region. In ("Proceedings of the Defenders of Wildlife's Restoring the Wolf Conference held November 12-14, 1998 in Seattle, Washington: 9-76.

Carroll, C., Zielinski, W. J. and Noss, R. F. (1999). Using presence-absence data to build and test spatial habitat models for the fisher in the Klamath Region, U.S.A. Conservation Biology 13(6): 1344-1359.

Carroll, C. R. (1997). Predicting the distribution of the fisher (Martes pennanti) in northwestern California, USA, using survey data and GIS modeling. 162. Corvallis, Oregon, USA: Oregon State University.

Carroll, C. R. (2005). Reanalysis of regional fisher suitability including survey data from commercial forests in the redwood region. US Fish and Wildlife Service.

Carroll, C. R., Zielinski, W. J. and Noss, R. F. (1999). Using presence/absence data to build and test spatial habitat models for the fisher in the Klamath region, USA. Conservation Biology 13(6): 1344-1359.

Cherepak, R. B. (1994). Reproductive physiology of captive female and male Fishers(Martes pennanti).

Choiniere, J. (1999). Fisher forests: now you see them, now you don't. 3-5.

Clem, M. (1975). Interspecific relationship of Fisher (Martes pennanti) and Marten (Martes americana) in Ontario during winter. American Society of Mammalogists Special Publications 55: 16-19.

Clem, M. K. (1977). Food habits, weight changes, and habitat selection of fisher during winter. Guelph, Ontario, Canada: University of Guelph.

Clem, M. K. (1977). Interspecific relationship of Fishers and Martens in Ontario during winter. In Proc 1975 Predator Symposium, University of Montana, Missoula: 65-182 | 165-182.

Clevenger, A. P. (1996). A matter of taste. Wildlife Conservation 99(5): 46-51.

Clevenger, A. P., Chruszcz, B. and Gunson, K. (2001). Drainage culverts as habitat linkages and factors affecting passage by mammals. Journal of Applied Ecology 38(6): 1340-1349.

Cole, P. J. and Proulx, G. (1994). Leghold trapping: a cause of serious injuries to fishers. Martes Working Group Newsletter 2: 14-15.

Cottrell, W. (1978). The Fisher (Martes pennanti) in Maryland Journal of Mammalogy 59(4): 886.

Coulter, M. W. (1952). Big game and fur-bearing animals of Maine.

Coulter, M. W. (1960). The status and distribution of Fisher in Maine. Journal of Mammalogy 41(1): 1-9.

Coulter, M. W. (1966). The ecology and management of Fishers in Maine. SYRACUSE UNIVERSITY.

Craig, R. E. and Borecky, R. A. (1976). Metastrongyles (Nematoda: Metastrongyloidea) of Fisher (/Martes pennanti/) from Ontario. Canadian Journal of Zoology 54(5): 806-807.

Criley, M. (2001). Road impacts on the weasel family, mustelidae.

Crowley, S. K., Krohn, W. B. and Paragi, T. F. (1990). A comparison of Fisher reproductive estimates. Transactions of the Northeast Section of the Wildlife Society 47: 36-42.

Crowley, S. K., Krohn, W. B. and Paragi, T. F. (1991). A comparison of fisher recruitment estimates. In Northeast Section of the Wildlife Society: 36-42.

Cumberland, R. E., Dempsey, J. A. and Forbes, G. J. (2001). Should diet be based on biomass? Importance of larger prey to the American marten. Wildlife Society Bulletin 29(4): 1125-1130 | 1125.

D

Dagg, A. I., Leach, D. and Summer-Smith, G. (1975). Fusion of the Distal femoral Epiphysis in male and female Marten and Fisher. Canadian Journal of Zoology 53(11): 1514-1518.

Daniel, M. J. (1959). Organ weight-body weight interrelations in the family Mustelidae (Order Carnivora). UNIV. OF BRITISH COLUMBIA.

Dark, S. J. (1997). A landscape-scale analysis of mammalian carnivore distribution and habitat use by fisher. Arcata, California, USA: Humboldt State University.

David, B. C. and Hamilton, W. J. (1957). The forest, the fisher, and the porcupine. Journal of Forestry 55: 719-722.

Davis, C. S. and Strobeck, C. (1998). Isolation, variability, and cross-species amplification of polymorphic microsatellite loci in the family Mustelidae. Molecular Ecology 7(12): 1776-1778.

Davis, L. (2003). Stand level habitat use by furbearer species in the Anahim Lake area of British Columbia. 47. DWB Forestry Services Ltd.

Davis, M. H. (1978). Reintroduction of the Pine Marten into the Nicolet National Forest, Wisconsin. UNIV. OF WISCONSIN.

Davison, A., Birks, J. D. S., Brookes, R. C., Braithwaite, T. C. and Messenger, J. E. (2002). On the origin of faeces: Morphological versus molecular methods for surveying rare carnivores from their scats. Journal of Zoology 257(2): 141-143.

Davison, R. P. (1975). The efficiency of food utilization and energy requirements of captive female Fishers. University of New Hampshire.

Davison, R. P., Mautz, W. W., Hayes, H. H., Holter, J. B., Davidson, R. P. and et al. (1978). The efficiency of food utilization and energy requirements of captive female Fishers. Journal of Wildlife Management 42(4): 811-821 | 811.

Dereus, E. G. (1957). Fur resources survey: Determine range and distribution (District No. one).

deVos, A. (1951). Overflow and dispersal of marten and fisher from wildlife refuges. Journal of Wildlife Management 15(2): 164-175.

deVos, A. (1951). Recent findings in fisher and marten ecology and management. In 16th North American Wildlife Conference: 498-507.

deVos, A. (1952). The ecology and management of Fisher and Marten in Ontario. UNIV. OF WISCONSIN.

Dick, T. A., Kingscote, B., Strickland, M. A. and Douglas, C. W. (1986). Sylvatic Trichinosis in Ontario, Canada. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 22(1): 42-47.

Dick, T. A. and Leonard, R. D. (1979). Helminth Parasites of Fisher Martes pennanti (Erxleben) from Manitoba, Canada. Journal of Wildlife Diseases 15: 409-412.

Dijkstra, V. A. A. (2000). Use of tree cavities in the National Park `Veruwezoom' by pine marten Martes martes. [Het gebruik van boomholten op de veluwezoom door de boommarter Martes martes.]. Lutra 43(2): 171-184.

Dilworth, T. G. (1974). Status and distribution of Fisher and Marten in New Brunswick. Canadian Field-Naturalist 88(4): 495-498.

Dix, L. M. and Strickland, M. A. (1986). Use of tooth radiographs to classify Martens by sex and age. Wildlife Society Bulletin 14(3): 275-279 | 275.

Dix, L. M., Strickland, M. A., Bowyer, R. T., Jenks, J. A. and Clark, A. G. (1986). Sex and age determination for Fisher using radiographs of canine teeth: A Critique. Journal of Wildlife Management 50(2): 275-276 | 275,272.

Dodds, D. G. and Arthur, M. M. (1971). The recent status of the fisher, Martes pennanti pennanti (Erxleben), in Nova Scotia. Canadian Field-Naturalist 85(1): 62-65.

Dodds, D. G. and Martell, A. M. (1971). The recent status of the fisher, Martes pennanti (Erxleben), in Nova Scotia. Canadian Field Naturalist 85: 62-65.

Douglas, C. W. and Strickland, M. A. (1987). Fisher. In Wild furbearer management and conservation in North America: 511-529. Novak, M., Baker, J. A., Obbard, M. E. and Malloch, B. (Eds.). Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and the Ontario Trappers Association.

Doyle, B. (2006). Fishering. High Country News 38(4): 23.

Drew, R. E., Hallett, J. G., Aubry, K. B., Cullings, K. W., Koepf, S. M. and Zielinski, W. J. (2003). Conservation genetics of the fisher (Martes pennanti) based on mitochondrial DNA sequencing. Molecular Ecology 12: 51-62.

Dubey, J. P. (1982). Sarcocystis and other coccidia in foxes and other wild carnivores from Montana. American Veterinary Medical Association Journal 181(11): 1270-1271.

Dubinin, E. A. and Valentsev, A. S. (2003). On the population structure of the Kamchatka Sable. Russian Journal of Ecology 34(5): 344-349.

Dyer, H. J. (1948). Preliminary plan for wildlife management on Baxter State Park. Journal of Forestry: 478.

Dykstra, C., Warnke, D. K. and Michael, W. M. (1992). Fisher seen climbing Bald Eagle nest-tree: 25 June 1992, Bayfield County. Passenger Pigeon 54(3): 237-238.

Dzialak, M. R. and Serfass, T. L. (2003). Effects of flumazenil on fishers Martes pennanti restrained with tiletamine-zolazepam. Wildlife Biology 9(3): 235-239.

Dzialak, M. R., Serfass, T. L. and Blankenship, T. L. (2001). Reversible chemical restraint of fishers with medetomidine-ketamine and atipamezole. Journal of Wildlife Management 65(1): 157-163 | 157.

E

Eadie, W. R. and W.J. Hamilton, J. (1958). Reproduction in the fisher in New York. New York Fish and Game Journal 5: 77-83.

Earle, R. D. (1978). The Fisher-Porcupine relationship in upper Michigan. MICHIGAN TECHNOLOGICAL UNIV.

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