Salt Plains National Wildlife Refuge
Southwest Region
Field of Bluestem

Reptile List

This list outlines documented species on the refuge. Many species may be on the refuge that have not been documented. We request that you report all sightings of species not on this list to the refuge.

As more species become confirmed on the refuge, the list will be updated.

Turtles
Common Snapping Turtle, Photo by Curtis Jones

Common snapping turtle (Chelydra serpentina)

Found in fresh water preferably with a mud bottom and abundant vegetation. A very large turtle with three, large, saw-tooth keels. Tail is long and has a saw-toothed upper edge.

  Yellow mud turtle (Kinosternon flavescens) Found in slow moving water with a soft bottom, lakes and water filled ditches.
Painted Turtle

Painted Turtle (Chrysemys picta)

This turtle lives in ponds, lakes, marshes, and in slow-moving rivers that have soft, muddy bottoms.

Red-eared Slider

Red-eared Slider (Trachemys scripta)

Named for the distinctive red patch behind the ears. Found in slow moving waters or lakes with muddy bottoms and abundant aquatic vegetation.

 Ornate Box Turtle, Photo Courtesy of Curtis Jones

Ornate box turtle (Terrapene ornata)

Found in open prairies and sandy-soiled land. High-domed carapace with each brown scute having bright yellow lines. Males have red eyes and females have yellow to brown eyes.

  Three-toed box turtle (Terrapene carolina) Found in moist forest areas or moist open areas. A ridge runs down the midline of the high-domed carapace which is brown with light yellow to brown lines or spots on each scute. Older individuals may have no patterns on shells. Normally these turtles have only three toes on the hind feet.
Spiney Softshell Turtle - Photo by Curtis Jones

Spiny softshell (Apalone spinifera hartwegi)

Found in rivers, streams, lakes and ponds with sandy or soft bottoms. The western subspecies has a flat, leathery carapace which is olive to tan with dark circular patterns. Legs are usually mottled. Spines extend from anterior end of carapace.

  Midland smooth softshell (Apalone mutica) Found in streams, rivers and impoundments preferably with sandy or soft bottoms. Has a flat, leathery shell, olive to orangish-brown with dark markings. There area no spines on the anterior edge of the carapace.
Lizards
Earless lizard (Holbrookia maculata)

Fence lizard (Sceloporus undulatus) also northern prairie lizard

Horned Lizard

Texas horned lizard (Phrynosoma cornutum)

Often referred to as a "horney toad", it's actually a lizard. Found in areas where ants and other invertebrates are prevalent.

  Prairie-lined Racerunner (Cnemidophorus sexlineatus virdis)
  Ground skink (Scincilla lateralis)
  Western Slender glass lizard (Ophisaurus attenuatus att.)
Other lizards that may be on the refuge but no confirmed sightings are: Eastern collared lizard; roundtail horned lizard; Southern prairie skink; Great Plains skink (not seen in recent years).
Snakes
  Ringneck snake (Diadophis punctatus)
  Blind snake (Leptotyphlops dulcis)
 Kansas Glossy Snake

Kansas Glossy snake (Arizona elegans elegans)

They are nonvenomous, nocturnal predators of small mammals and lizards, and can be found in sandy plains and deserts. As their name implies, they can generally be described as glossy on top, particularly their head. They have a plain underbelly.

Eastern Yellowbelly Racer, Courtesy  of Curtis Jones

Eastern Yellowbelly racer (Coluber constrictor flaviventris)

Racers prefer open prairie, woodland edge, and bluff prairies. They live in fields, grasslands, and railroad grades adjacent to these habitats.

  Plainbelly Water snake (Nerodia erythrogaster)
  Diamondback Water snake (Nerodia rhombifera)
 Black Rat Snake, Photo  by Curtis Jones

Black Rat snake (Elaphe obsoleta obsoleta)

Prefers heavily wooded areas and they are known for having excellent climbing ability, including the ability to climb the trunk of large mature trees without the aid of branches.

 

Great Plains Rat Snake (Elaphe guttata emoryi)

The Great Plains Ratsnake is typically an animal of the grassy plains. This species moves both day and night, depending upon the temperature. However, throughout much of its range, daytime temperatures exceed its tolerance levels for much of the active season, making this animal chiefly nocturnal.

bullsnake

Bullsnake (Pituophis melanoleucus) (sayi)

Bullsnakes have over 40 large, dark body blotches on the body alone. These blotches are usually black on the neck and fore part of the body turning lighter into brown or reddish brown on the body. These blotches turn into black bands on the tail. There are also smaller lateral spots on the sides, sometimes connecting and even forming a network or checkerboard effect.

Prairie Kingsnake, Photo by Curtis Jones

Prairie Kingsnake (Lampropeltis calligaster)

This dark brown to beige-colored snake measures about 30 to 40 inches in length. The back is patterned with brown to reddish circular blotches with black borders. Two alternating rows of smaller blotches flank its body, but they sometimes fuse into a single row.

  Speckled Kingsnake (Lampropeltis getula holbrooki)
  Brown snake (Storeria dekayi)
  Western Ribbon snake (Thamnophis proximus)
Red-sided Garter Snake, Photo by Curtis Jones

Red-sided Garter snake (Thamnophis sirtalis)

Garter snakes have a slim, agile body. Their coloring can be many shades of green, yellowish, or gray, but they nearly always have three yellow or red longitudinal stripes that extend along the length of their back and sides. When alarmed, many flatten their bodies, making the pattern more prominent.

  Western coachwhip (Masticophis flagellum testaceus)
 Western Massasauga, Photo Courtesy of Curtis Jones

Western Massasauga (Sistrurus catenatus)

The brown vertebral blotches which run the length of the body contrast sharply with the grey or tan dorsal background color. Generally nocturnal animals, massasaugas can often be seen above ground following spring and summer rain storms.

Other snakes that may be found on the refuge but no confirmed sightings are: Plains Blackhead snake; Ground snake; Western Hognose snake; eastern Hognose snake; Texas Longnose snake; Graham's Crayfish snake; Lined snake; Western Plains Garter snake; Checkered Garter snake.

Last updated: August 28, 2007

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