[Federal Register: May 18, 1998 (Volume 63, Number 95)]
[Proposed Rules]
[Page 27255-27256]
From the Federal Register Online via GPO Access [wais.access.gpo.gov]
[DOCID:fr18my98-29]
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DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR
Fish and Wildlife Service
50 CFR Part 17
Endangered and Threatened Wildlife and Plants, Notice of
Reopening of Comment Period on the Proposed Threatened Status of the
Sacramento Splittail
AGENCY: Fish and Wildlife Service, Interior.
ACTION: Proposed rule, notice of reopening of comment period.
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SUMMARY: The Fish and Wildlife Service (Service), pursuant to the
Endangered Species Act of 1973, as amended (Act), provides notice of
the reopening of the comment period for the proposed threatened status
for the Sacramento splittail (Pogonichthys macrolepidotus). The comment
period has been reopened to acquire additional information on the
status, abundance and distribution of the Sacramento splittail in the
Central Valley of California.
DATES: Comments received by July 17, 1998 will be considered by the
Service.
ADDRESSES: Written comments, materials and data, and available reports
and articles concerning this proposal should be sent directly to the
Field Supervisor, Sacramento Fish and Wildlife Office, U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service, 3310 El Camino Avenue, Suite 130, Sacramento,
California 95821. Comments and materials received will be available for
public inspection, by appointment, during normal business hours at the
above address.
FOR FURTHER INFORMATION CONTACT: Mike Thabault, at the address listed
above (telephone 916/979-2725, facsimile 916/979-2723).
SUPPLEMENTARY INFORMATION:
Background
The Sacramento splittail (Pogonichthys macrolepidotus), is the only
large cyprinid that is endemic to California's Central Valley, where
they were once widely distributed (Moyle 1976). Historically, splittail
were found as far north as Redding on the Sacramento River, as far
south as the present-day site of Friant Dam on the San Joaquin River,
and as far upstream as the current Oroville Dam site on the Feather
River and Folsom Dam site on the American River (Rutter 1908).
In recent times, dams and diversions have increasingly prevented
upstream access to large rivers, and the species is now apparently
restricted to a small portion of its former range (Moyle and Yoshiyama
1992). Splittail enter the
[[Page 27256]]
lower reaches of the Feather (Jones and Stokes 1993) and American
rivers (Charles Hanson, State Water Contractors, in litt., 1993) on
occasion; however, the species now is largely confined to the delta,
Suisun Bay, Suisun Marsh, and Napa Marsh. The ``Delta'' refers to all
tidal waters contained within the legal definition of the San Francisco
Bay-Sacramento-San Joaquin River Delta, as delineated by section 12220
of the State of California's Water Code of 1969. Generally, the Delta
is contained within a triangular area that extends south from the City
of Sacramento to the confluence of the Stanilaus and San Joaquin Rivers
at the southeast corner and Chipps Island in Suisun Bay.
In recent years, splittail have been found most often in slow
moving sections of rivers and sloughs and dead-end sloughs (Moyle et
al. 1982, Daniels and Moyle 1983). Reports from the 1950's, however,
mention Sacramento River spawning migrations and catches of splittail
during fast tides in Suisun Bay (Caywood 1974). California Department
of Fish and Game survey data from the last 15 years indicate that the
highest catches occurred in shallow areas subject to flooding.
Historically, major flood basins, distributed throughout the Sacramento
and San Joaquin Valleys, provided spawning and rearing habitat. These
flood basins have all been reclaimed or modified into flood control
structures (bypasses). Although primarily a freshwater species,
splittail can tolerate salinities as high as 10 to 18 parts per
thousand (Moyle and Yoshiyama 1992).
On January 10, 1995, a second comment period was opened for 45
days, and a 6-month extension added to the final rulemaking time frame,
in accordance with section 4(b)(6)(B)(i) of the Act. A moratorium on
listing actions, imposed on April 10, 1995 (Pub. L. 104-6), was lifted
on April 26, 1996. Severe funding constraints imposed by a number of
continuing resolutions between November 1995 and April 1996 were
followed by passage of the Omnibus Budget Reconciliation Act on April
26, 1996, allowing work to continue on various listing actions in
accordance with fiscal year guidance that assigned priorities in a
multi-tiered approach in accordance with section 4 of the Act (61 FR
64479). The guidance stated that handling emergency situations was
highest priority (Tier 1), and resolving the listing status of
outstanding proposed rules was second highest priority (Tier 2).
Processing of this proposed rule fell under Tier 2.
On March 19 and March 20, 1998, the California Department of Water
Resources and the State Water Contractors, respectively, requested a
reopening of the comment period. The basis of this request is that
substantial data have been collected since 1995 regarding the abundance
and distribution of the splittail. The Service believes that
consideration of this and any new information is significant to make
the final determination for the Sacramento splittail. For this reason,
the Service particularly seeks information concerning abundance and
distribution data for this species from 1995-1997. Specifically, the
Service seeks comments regarding the paper ``Resilience of Splittail in
the Sacramento-San Joaquin Estuary'' (Sommer et al. 1997), and how the
information contained in this paper effects the Service's
recommendation for listing the Sacramento splittail as a threatened
species.
Written comments may be submitted until July 17, 1998 to the
Service office in the ADDRESSES section.
Author.
The primary author of this notice is Diane Windham, U.S. Fish and
Wildlife Service (see ADDRESSES section).
References
Caywood, M.L. 1974. Contributions to the life history of the
splittail Pogonichthys macrolepidotus (Ayres). M.S. Thesis,
California State University, Sacramento.
Daniels, R.A., and P.B. Moyle. 1983. Life history of the splittail
(Cyprinidae: Pogonichthys macrolepidotus) in the Sacramento-San
Joaquin estuary. Fish. Bull. 84:105-117.
Jones and Stokes Assoc., Inc. 1993. Sutter Bypass fisheries
technical memorandum II: Potential entrapment of juvenile chinook
salmon in the proposed gravel mining pond. May 27, 1993. (JSA 91-
272). Sacramento, California. Prepared for Teichert Aggregates,
Sacramento, California. 31 pp. + Appendix.
Moyle, P.B., J.J. Smith, R.A. Daniels, and D.M. Balz. 1982.
Distribution and ecology of stream fishes of the Sacramento-San
Joaquin Drainage System, California: A review. Univ. Calif. Publ.
Zool. 115:225-256.
Moyle. P.B., and R.M. Yoshiyama. 1992. Fishes, aquatic diversity
management areas, and endangered species: A plan to protect
California's native aquatic biota. Draft report prepared for
California Policy Seminar, Univ. of Calif. Berkeley, California.
July 1992. 196 pp.
Rutter, C. 1908. The fishes of the Sacramento-San Joaquin basin,
with a study of their distribution and variation. U.S. Bull. 27:103-
152.
Sommer, T., R. Baxter, and B. Herbold. 1997. Resilience of the
Splittail in the Sacramento-San Joaquin Estuary. Transactions of the
American Fisheries Society 126:961-976.
Authority
The authority for this action is the Endangered Species Act of 1973
(16 U.S.C. 1531 et seq.).
Dated: May 12, 1998.
Thomas Dwyer,
Acting Regional Director, U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service, Region 1.
[FR Doc. 98-13083 Filed 5-15-98; 8:45 am]
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