Survey Type : II ___ III ___ IV ___
I. Justification and Objectives
Explain why the species or species group should be surveyed, referring to Exhibits 1 and 2. Specify any unit management objectives from which the survey derives. Briefly discuss implications for management, measuring biodiversity, or tracking population changes; mention formal or informal cooperative working relationships, Annual Work Plan advices, Ecosystem Action Plans, or other commitments. Itemize clearly the questions to be answered by the survey. Explain how data will be used.
II. Statistical Considerations
For Type II surveys, there are no statistical considerations.
For Type III surveys, specify parameters (e.g., density, cow/calf ratios, mortality or natality rates, rate of increase or decline) to be measured; also acceptable confidence limits, probability levels and other relevant statistics. Specify the statistical analyses to be used. Discuss minimum sample sizes needed.
For Type IV surveys, refer to protocols established by coordinating agency. Attach documentation if available, and expand statistical discussion if appropriate.
III. Data Collection Procedure
For Types II and III surveys, describe and/or attach instructions for collecting field data (including forms, maps and other aids) to enable uninitiated personnel to collect data. There is no fixed format, and Type II surveys will generally require less detail. Some suggestions include:
o Personnel, skills, and qualifications required
o Dates (calendar, phenological or other)
o Survey times
o Optimum and unacceptable weather conditions
o Survey unit, route or observation points
o Transportation (vehicle type, speed, etc.; aircraft type, air speed,
elevation; walking speed, etc.)
o Equipment (binoculars, quadrants, dogs, compasses, etc.)
o Photography specifications (camera type, film, filters, exposures,
etc.)
o Damage or disturbance risks to wildlife and habitats
o Field data forms with instructions
For Type IV surveys, describe protocols and procedures established by the coordinating agency, or simply append the instructions which that agency provides.
IV. Data Analysis and Reporting Procedures
For Types II and III surveys, standardize the compilation, computation, analysis, interpretation and presentation as much as possible. State the reporting intervals for both interim and final reports. There is no fixed format, but some suggestions include:
o Forms for summarizing data with instructions
o Statistical analysis, including software (Type III only)
o Dtabase management considerations
o List of recipients of final report
For Type IV surveys, refer to established protocols.
V. Management Action Thresholds
Where appropriate, indicate thresholds for management action (e.g., if exotic plant density exceeds 50/hectare, control measures will commence; if songbird populations decline by 20% within five years, management will be initiated to reverse this trend.) A threshold population level must be biologically based and not arbitrary. There must also exist a clear link between population change and a proposed remedial action.
VI. Data Storage Procedures
Provide instructions for filing and storing data, including "raw" data sheets, summary sheets and computer databases. Specify arrangements for data sharing and distribution to assure that original data, electronic storage media and processed data that are not easily replaceable do not leave the reporting office.
VII. Special Considerations
Note the general magnitude of the surveyed population, the difficulty or ease of surveys, and factors critical to obtaining desired data. Reference alternate procedures, as well as safety concerns regarding airboats, all-terrain vehicles, SCUBA or aircraft. Discuss risk of harm to wildlife or habitat resources.
VIII. Literature Citations (If applicable to methods proposed.)
IX. Effort and Costs
Breakdown estimated annual costs by staff days, equipment, materials, aircraft rental and other pertinent categories.
X. Review and Approvals
Prepared by:
Date:
Resource Manager
Reviewed by:
Date:
Biological Review Panel Chair
Approved by:
Date:
Assistant Regional Director