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The
most recent compilation of data on agriculture in the United States is
from the 1998 United States Department
of Agriculture Fact Book. There
are 10 major farm production regions in the United States which differ
in soils, slope of land, climate, distance to market, and storage and
marketing facilities. The Pacific region includes the three Pacific Coast
States plus Alaska and Hawaii. Farmers in Washington and Oregon specialize
in raising wheat, fruit, and potatoes. Vegetables, fruit, and cotton are
important in California. Cattle are raised throughout the region, and
California leads the Nation in milk production. In Hawaii, sugarcane and
pineapples are the major crops. The United States has the largest fed-cattle
industry in the world. In Idaho, Eastern Washington, the Central and Imperial
Valleys of California are vast irrigated areas and feedlots. The Corn
Belt, Lake States, and Northern Plains accounted for 78 percent of total
U.S. hog production in 1950 and in 1980, but in the last few decades,
the Southern states and isolated areas of the West have become increasingly
important areas of hog production. http://www.ers.usda.gov/briefings
Agriculture is the major source of sediment, nutrients, herbicides, insecticides,
antibiotics, and pharmaceuticals released into aquatic ecosystems. Nationally,
agriculture is the leading source of pollution in 57 percent of river
miles, 30 percent of lake acres (excluding the Great Lakes), and 15 percent
of estuarine waters found to be impaired. The U.S.
Geological Survey, National Water Quality Assessment Program provides
information regarding how application of fertilizers, manure and pesticides
have degraded surface and shallow ground water in agricultural areas,
and EPA's Water Quality Inventory
contains pollutant information as required under Section 305(b) of the
Clean Water Act.
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