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Species Lists:
| Birds | Mammals | Reptiles & Amphibians |
Birds
This wildlife checklist was
compiled by Tom Schooley in May 2000. It is a list of species of birds
that have been observed at Nisqually National Wildlife Refuge. The birds'
common and scientific names and taxonomic order are categorized into family
and subfamily groups in accordance with the 6th edition (1983) of the
A. O. U. Checklist of North American Birds.
For a printer-friendly version of this checklist, click here.
Seasons of Occurrence:
- Sp - Spring: March - May
- Su - Summer: June - July
- F - Fall: August - November
- W - Winter: December - February
Abundance Notations:
- a - abundant: Common and in relatively large numbers
- c - common: Seen on majority of visits to proper habitat
- u - uncommon: Seen on less than half of visits to proper habitat
- r - rare: Seen on less than 10% of visits to proper habitat
- accidental: less than 5 records of occurrence on Nisqually Delta. They are not reasonably expected to be found more often than once every five to 20 years - if ever again.
Notes:
- * - Nesting recorded on Nisqually Delta
- FT - Federally listed threatened species
- FE - Federally listed endangered species
- SE - State listed endangered species
- SS - State listed sensitive species
Photograph Notes:
Nisqually National Wildlife Refuge thanks Christine Vadai for allowing
us to link our site to her beautiful wildlife photographs. If there is
a photo link, "photo" will appear in the Photo Links column. If the linked
photo is meant to show a specific plumage, age, or sex of the species,
one of the folllowing will appear:
- winter - winter plumage
- breeding - breeding plumage
- pair - mail and female
- male
- female
- juvenile
GAVIIFORMES
- Loons - Gaviidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo
Links |
||
| Red-throated Loon | Gavia stellata | c | - | c | c | photo |
| Pacific Loon | Gavia pacifica | r | - | r | u | winter |
| Common Loon | Gavia immer | c | u | c | c | winter |
| Yellow-billed Loon | Gavia adamsii | accidental |
||||
PODICIPEDIFORMES
- Grebes - Podicipedidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo
Links |
||
| Pied-billed Grebe | Podilymbus podiceps * | c | c | c | c | winter |
| Horned Grebe | Podiceps auritus | c | - | c | c | breeding winter |
| Red-necked Grebe | Podiceps grisegena | u | - | u | u | winter |
| Eared Grebe | Podiceps nigricollis | - | - | - | r | |
| Western Grebe | Aechmophorus occidentalis | c | r | c | c | photo |
PROCELLARIIFORMES
- Shearwaters - Procellariidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo
Links |
||
| Short-tailed Shearwater | Puffinus tenuirostris | accidental |
photo | |||
- Storm-petrels - Hydrobatidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
||
| Leach's Storm-petrel | Oceanodroma leucorhoa | accidental |
|||
PELECANIFORMES
- Pelicans - Pelecanidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| American White Pelican | Pelecanus erythrorhynchos FE | accidental |
photo | |||
| Brown Pelican | Pelecanus occidentalis FE | accidental |
photo | |||
- Cormorants - Phalacrocoracidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| Brandt's Cormorant | Phalacrocorax penicillatus | - | - | - | u | |
| Double-crested Cormorant | Phalacrocorax auritus | c | c | c | c | photo |
| Pelagic Cormorant | Phalacrocorax pelagicus | u | - | u | u | photo |
CICONIIFORMES
- Herons and Bitterns - Ardeidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| American Bittern | Botaurus lentiginosus * | u | u | u | u | photo |
| Great Blue Heron | Ardea herodias * | c | c | c | c | photo |
| Great Egret | Ardea albus | accidental |
photo | |||
| Green Heron | Butorides virescens * | u | u | u | - | photo |
- Vultures- Cathartidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| Turkey Vulture | Cathartes aura | r | r | r | - | photo |
ANSERIFORMES
- Swans, Geese, and Ducks - Anatidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| Greater White-fronted Goose | Anser albitrons | r | - | u | - | photo |
| Snow Goose | Chen caerulescens | - | - | r | - | photo |
| Canada Goose | Branta canadensis * | c | c | c | c | photo |
| Brant | Branta bernicla | c | - | - | r | photo |
| Trumpeter Swan | Cygnus buccinator | accidental |
photo | |||
| Tundra Swan | Cygnus columbianus | - | - | - | r | |
| Wood Duck | Aix sponsa * | u | u | r | - | pair |
| Gadwall | Anas strepera * | c | r | c | c | photo |
| Eurasian Wigeon | Anas penelope | u | - | u | u | photo |
| American Wigeon | Anas americana | c | r | a | a | photo |
| Mallard | Anas platyrhynchos * | c | c | a | a | female male |
| Blue-winged Teal | Anas discors * | u | r | - | - | photo |
| Cinnamon Teal | Anas cyanoptera * | c | c | u | - | photo |
| Northern Shoveler | Anas clypeata * | c | u | c | c | photo |
| Northern Pintail | Anas acuta * | c | r | c | a | photo |
| Green-winged Teal | Anas crecca * | c | r | c | a | photo |
| Canvasback | Aythya valisineria | u | r | u | c | |
| Ring-necked Duck | Aythya collaris * | u | r | u | u | photo |
| Greater Scaup | Aythya marila | c | r | c | c | female |
| Lesser Scaup | Aythya affinis | r | - | r | u | photo |
| Surf Scoter | Melanitta perspicillata | c | - | c | c | photo |
| White-winged Scoter | Melanitta fusca | c | r | c | c | |
| Black Scoter | Melanitta nigra | - | - | - | r | |
| Long-tailed Duck | Clangula hyemalis | r | - | - | r | |
| Bufflehead | Bucephala albeola | c | - | c | c | photo |
| Common Goldeneye | Bucephala clangula | c | - | c | c | female |
| Barrow's Goldeneye | Bucephala islandica | u | - | u | u | photo |
| Hooded Merganser | Lophodytes cucullatus * | u | r | u | c | photo |
| Common Merganser | Mergus merganser | u | u | c | u | photo |
| Red-breasted Merganser | Mergus serrator | u | u | c | u | photo |
| Ruddy Duck | Oxyura jamaicensis | c | r | c | u | |
FALCONIFORMES
- Ospreys, Hawks, and Harriers - Accipitridae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| Osprey | Pandion haliaetus | r | - | r | r | photo |
| White-tailed Kite | Elanus leucurus | accidental |
||||
| Bald Eagle | Haliaeetus leucocephalus FT, SS | u | u | u | u | photo |
| Northern Harrier | Circus cyaneus * | c | c | c | c | photo |
| Sharp-shinned Hawk | Accipiter striatus | r | - | c | c | photo |
| Cooper's Hawk | Accipiter cooperii | r | - | u | r | juvenile |
| Northern Goshawk | Accipiter gentilis | accidental |
||||
| Red-shouldered Hawk | Buteo lineatus | accidental |
||||
| Red-tailed Hawk | Buteo jamaicensis * | c | c | c | c | photo |
| Rough-legged Hawk | Buteo lagopus | u | - | u | u | photo |
- Falcons - Falconidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| American Kestrel | Falco sparverius * | u | u | u | u | photo |
| Merlin | Falco columbarius | u | - | u | u | photo |
| Gyrfalcon | Falco rusticolus | accidental |
||||
| Peregrine Falcon | Falco peregrinus FE, SE | - | - | r | u | photo |
| Prairie Falcon | Falco sparverius | accidental |
||||
GALLIFORMES
- Pheasants, Grouse - Phasianidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| Ring-necked Pheasant | Phasianus colchicus * | u | u | u | u | photo |
| Ruffed Grouse | Bonasa umbellus | accidental |
||||
- Quail - Odontophoridae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| Mountain Quail | Oreortyx pictus | accidental |
||||
| California Quail | Callipepla californica * | u | u | u | u | photo |
| Northern Bobwhite | Colinus virginianus | accidental |
||||
GRUIFORMES
- Rails, Gallinules, and Coots - Rallidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| Virginia Rail | Rallus limicola * | u | c | u | u | |
| Sora | Porzana carolina * | r | r | r | - | |
| American Coot | Fulica americana * | u | u | u | u | photo |
- Cranes - Gruidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| Sandhill Crane | Grus canadensis SE | - | - | r | - | photo |
CHARADRIIFORMES
- Plovers - Charadriidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| Black-bellied Plover | Pluvialis squatarola | u | - | u | r | photo |
| American Golden Plover | Pluvialis dominica | - | - | r | - | |
| Semipalmated Plover | Charadrius semipalmatus | u | - | u | - | |
| Killdeer | Charadrius vociferus * | c | c | c | c | photo |
- Stilts and Avocets - Recurvirostridae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| Black-necked Stilt | Himantopus mexicanus | accidental |
photo | |||
| American Avocet | Recurvirostra americana | accidental |
photo | |||
- Snipe and Sandpipers - Scolopacidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| Greater Yellowlegs | Tringa melanoleuca | c | r | c | c | photo |
| Lesser Yellowlegs | Tringa flavipes | r | - | u | - | photo |
| Willet | Catoptrophorus semipalmatus | accidental |
photo | |||
| Spotted Sandpiper | Actitis macularia * | u | u | u | u | photo |
| Whimbrel | Numenius phaeopus | u | - | u | - | photo |
| Red Knot | Calidris canutus | accidental |
||||
| Sanderling | Calidris alba | r | - | r | - | winter |
| Western Sandpiper | Calidris mauri | a | u | a | u | photo |
| Least Sandpiper | Calidris minutilla | c | u | c | u | |
| Baird's Sandpiper | Calidris bairdii | r | - | u | - | |
| Pectoral Sandpiper | Calidris melanotos | - | - | u | - | |
| Sharp-tailed Sandpiper | Calidris acuminata | accidental |
||||
| Dunlin | Calidris alpina | a | - | a | a | photo |
| Short-billed Dowitcher | Limnodromus griseus | u | - | a | - | photo |
| Long-billed Dowitcher | Limnodromus scolopaceus | u | - | a | u | |
| Common Snipe | Gallinago gallinago * | c | u | c | c | |
| Wilson's Phalarope | Phalaropus tricolor * | r | r | - | - | photo |
| Red-necked Phalarope | Phalaropus lobatus | accidental |
||||
- Gulls and Turns - Laridae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| Parasitic Jaeger | Stercorarius parasiticus | - | - | r | - | |
| Franklin's Gull | Larus pipixcan | - | - | r | - | |
| Black-headed Gull | Larus ridibundus | accidental |
||||
| Bonaparte's Gull | Larus philadelphia | c | r | c | c | photo |
| Heermann's Gull | Larus heermanni | accidental |
photo | |||
| Mew Gull | Larus canus | c | - | c | c | |
| Ring-billed Gull | Larus delawarensis | c | u | c | u | photo |
| California Gull | Larus californicus | c | r | c | r | photo |
| Herring Gull | Larus argentatus | - | - | - | r | |
| Thayer's Gull | Larus thayeri | r | - | r | u | |
| Slaty-backed Gull | Larus schistisagus | accidental |
||||
| Western Gull | Larus occidentalis | r | - | r | u | |
| Glaucous-winged Gull | Larus glaucescens | a | a | a | a | photo |
| Glaucous-winged X Western Hybrid | Larus sp. | u | r | u | u | |
| Glaucous Gull | Larus hyperboreus | - | - | - | r | photo |
| Caspian Tern | Sterna caspia | u | u | - | - | |
| Common Tern | Sterna hirundo | - | - | u | - | |
- Auks, Murres, and Puffins - Alcidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| Common Murre | Uria aalge | u | - | u | c | photo |
| Pigeon Guillemot | Cepphus columba | u | u | u | u | photo |
| Marbled Murrelet | Brachyramphus marmoratus | u | u | u | u | |
| Ancient Murrelet | Synthliboramphus antiquus | - | - | - | r | |
| Rhinoceros Auklet | Cerorhinca monocerata | u | r | u | c | |
COLUMBIFORMES
- Pigeons and Doves - Columbidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| Rock Dove | Columba livia | u | u | u | u | |
| Band-tailed Pigeon | Columba fasciata * | c | c | c | u | photo |
| Mourning Dove | Zenaida macroura | u | r | u | - | photo |
STRIGIFORMES
- Barn Owls - Tytonidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
||
| Barn Owl | Tyto alba * | u | u | u | u |
- Typical Owls - Strigidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| Great Horned Owl | Bubo virginianus * | u | u | u | u | photo |
| Snowy Owl | Nyctea scandiaca | - | - | - | r | |
| Northern Pygmy-Owl | Glaucidium gnoma | accidental |
juvenile | |||
| Long-eared Owl | Asio otus | accidental |
||||
| Short-eared Owl | Asio flammeus * | u | u | u | u | |
CAPRIMULGIFORMES
- Goatsuckers - Caprimulgidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
||
| Common Nighthawk | Chordeiles minor | - | u | - | - |
APODIFORMES
- Swifts - Apodidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
||
| Vaux's Switt | Chaetura vauxi | - | u | - | - |
- Hummingbirds - Trochilidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| Rufous Hummingbird | Selasphoras rufus * | c | c | - | - | female male |
CORACIIFORMES
- Kingfishers - Alcedinidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| Belted Kingfisher | Ceryle alcyon | c | c | c | c | photo |
PICIFORMES
- Woodpeckers - Picidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| Lewis's Woodpecker | Melanerpes lewis | accidental |
photo | |||
| Red-breasted Sapsucker | Sphyrapicus ruber * | c | c | c | c | photo |
| Downy Woodpecker | Picoides pubescens * | c | c | c | c | female male |
| Hairy Woodpecker | Picoides villosus * | u | u | u | u | female |
| Northern Flicker | Colaptes auratus * | c | c | c | c | photo |
| Pileated Woodpecker | Dryocopus pileatus * | u | u | u | u | photo |
PASSERIFORMES
- Tyrant Flycatchers - Tyrannidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| Olive-sided Flycatcher | Contopus cooperi | - | u | - | - | |
| Western Wood-pewee | Contopus sordidulus * | - | c | u | - | |
| Willow Flycatcher | Empidonax traillii * | - | c | u | - | photo |
| Pacific-slope Flycatcher | Empidonax difficilis * | c | c | - | - | |
| Western Kingbird | Tyrannus verticalis | accidental |
photo | |||
- Shrikes - Laniidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| Northern Shrike | Lanius excubitor | r | - | u | u | |
- Vireos - Vireonidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
||
| Cassin's Vireo | Vireo cassinii * | u | u | u | - |
| Hutton's Vireo | Vireo huttoni * | u | u | u | u |
| Warbling Vireo | Vireo gilvus * | u | c | u | - |
| Red-eyed Vireo | Vireo olivaceus * | u | u | u | - |
- Jays, Magpies, and Crows - Corvidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| Steller's Jay | Cyanocitta stelleri | c | c | c | u | photo |
| Western Scrub Jay | Aphelocoma californica | accidental |
photo | |||
| Black-billed Magpie | Pica pica | accidental |
||||
| American Crow | Corvus brachyrhynchos * | c | c | c | c | photo |
- Larks - Alaudidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| Horned Lark | Eremophila alpestris | accidental |
photo | |||
- Swallows - Hirundinidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| Tree Swallow | Tachycineta bicolor * | a | a | a | - | photo |
| Violet-green Swallow | Tachycineta thalassina * | a | a | a | - | photo |
| Northern Rough-winged Swallow | Stelgidopteryx serripennis * | c | c | c | - | photo |
| Cliff Swallow | Petrochelidon pyrrhonota * | c | c | c | - | photo |
| Barn Swallow | Hirundo rustica * | a | a | a | - | photo |
- Titmice - Paridae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| Black-capped Chickadee | Poecile atricapillus * | c | c | c | c | photo |
| Chestnut-backed Chickadee | Poecile rufescens * | c | u | c | c | photo |
- Bushtits - Aegithalidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| Bushtit | Psaltriparus minimus * | c | c | c | c | photo |
- Nuthatches - Sittidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| Red-breasted Nuthatch | Sitta canadensis * | c | c | c | c | photo |
- Creepers - Certhiidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| Brown Creeper | Certhia americana * | u | u | u | u | photo |
- Wrens - Troglodytidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| Bewick's Wren | Thryomanes bewickii * | c | c | c | c | photo |
| House Wren | Troglodytes aedon | - | u | - | - | photo |
| Winter Wren | Troglodytes troglodytes * | c | c | c | c | |
| Marsh Wren | Cistothorus palustris * | c | c | c | c | photo |
- Kinglets - Regulidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| Golden-crowned Kinglet | Regulus satrapa * | c | c | c | c | photo |
| Ruby-crowned Kinglet | Regulus calendula | u | - | u | c | photo |
- Thrushes - Turdidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| Western Bluebird | Sialia mexicana | accidental |
photo | |||
| Townsend's Solitaire | Myadestes townsendi | accidental |
photo | |||
| Swainson's Thrush | Catharus ustulatus * | - | c | c | - | photo |
| American Robin | Turdus migratorius * | c | c | c | c | photo |
| Varied Thrush | Ixoreus naevius | - | - | u | c | photo |
- Mockingbirds and Thrashers - Mimidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
||
| Northern Mockingbird | Mimus polyglottos | accidental |
|||
- Starlings - Sturnidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
||
| European Starling | Sturnus vulgaris * | a | a | a | a |
- Pipits - Motacillidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| American Pipit | Anthus rubescens | u | - | u | r | photo |
- Waxwings - Bombycillidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| Cedar Waxwing | Bombycilla cedrorum * | u | c | c | r | photo |
- Wood-Warblers - Parulidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| Orange-crowned Warbler | Vermivora celata * | c | c | c | r | photo |
| Nashville Warbler | Vermivora ruficapilla | accidental |
||||
| Yellow Warbler | Dendroica petechia * | c | c | c | - | photo |
| Yellow-rumped Warbler | Dendroica coronata * | c | c | c | u | photo |
| Black-throated Gray Warbler | Dendroica nigrescens * | c | c | c | - | photo |
| Townsend's Warbler | Dendroica townsendi | u | - | u | - | photo |
| MacGillivray's Warbler | Oporornis tolmiei * | c | c | c | - | |
| Common Yellowthroat | Geothlypis trichas * | c | c | c | - | photo |
| Wilson's Warbler | Wilsonia pusilla * | c | c | c | - | |
- Tanagers - Thraupidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| Western Tanager | Piranga ludoviciana * | u | c | u | - | female male |
- Emberizids - Emberizidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| Spotted Towhee | Pipilo maculatus * | c | c | c | c | photo |
| American Tree Sparrow | Spizella arborea | accidental |
||||
| Chipping Sparrow | Spizella passerina | accidental |
photo | |||
| Vesper Sparrow | Pooecetes gramineus | accidental |
photo | |||
| Sage Sparrow | Amphispiza belli | accidental |
||||
| Savannah Sparrow | Passerculus sandwichensis | c | c | c | - | photo |
| Fox Sparrow | Passerella iliaca | u | - | u | c | photo |
| Song Sparrow | Melospiza melodia)* | c | c | c | c | photo |
| Lincoln's Sparrow | Melospiza lincolnii | u | - | u | - | |
| White-throated Sparrow | Zonotrichia albicollis | accidental |
||||
| Harris's Sparrow | Zonotrichia querula | accidental |
photo | |||
| White-crowned Sparrow | Zonotrichia leucophrys * | u | u | u | c | photo |
| Golden-crowned Sparrow | Zonotrichia atricapilla | u | - | u | c | photo |
| Dark-eyed Junco | Junco hyemalis * | c | c | c | a | photo |
| Snow Bunting | Plectrophenax nivalis | accidental |
photo | |||
- Cardinals - Cardinalidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| Black-headed Grosbeak | Pheucticus melanocephalus * | u | c | u | - | photo |
| Lazuli Bunting | Passerina amoena | accidental |
photo | |||
- Blackbirds - Icteridae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| Red-winged Blackbird | Agelaius phoeniceus * | c | c | c | c | female male |
| Western Meadowlark | Sturnella neglecta * | u | u | u | u | photo |
| Yellow-headed Blackbird | Xanthocephalus xanthocephalus * | u | u | u | - | photo |
| Brewer's Blackbird | Euphagus cyanocephalus * | c | c | c | c | photo |
| Brown-headed Cowbird | Molothrus ater * | u | c | u | r | photo |
| Bullock's Oriole | Icterus bullockii * | - | u | - | - | photo |
- Fringilline Finches - Fringillidae
Sp |
Su |
F |
W |
Photo Links |
||
| Purple Finch | Carpodacus purpureus * | c | c | c | c | photo |
| House Finch | Carpodacus mexicanus * | c | c | c | c | photo |
| Red Crossbill | Loxia curvirostra | u | - | u | u | female |
| Pine Siskin | Carduelis pinus * | c | c | c | c | photo |
| American Goldfinch | Carduelis tristis * | u | c | c | u | photo |
| Evening Grosbeak | Coccothraustes vespertinus | c | r | c | u | photo |
For more information, contact:
Nisqually National Wildlife Refuge
100 Brown Farm Road
Olympia, WA 98516
Phone: (360) 753-9467
Fax: (360)534-9302
USFWS
Links
USFWS Home Page
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Section 508 Accessibility
Page last updated May 25, 2006
USFWS Home Page
Contact us / Disclaimer / Copyrights
Section 508 Accessibility
Page last updated May 25, 2006
