pr - permanent resident: species that remain on the refuge throughout the year

sr - summer resident: species that remain on the refuge during the summer; birds may arrive as early as March and remain as late as October

wr - winter resident: species that occur on the refuge during the winter

m - migrant: species that generally only passes through the area during migration and stays on the refuge for only a short time

v - vagrant: species that are out of their normal range, but occur periodically and infrequently on the refuge Seasons

Sp - Spring - March through May
S - Summer - June through August
F - Fall - September through November
W - Winter - December through February

Relative Abundance

a - abundant - a common species which is very numerous
c - common - certain to be seen in suitable habitat
u - uncommon - present, but not certain to be seen
o - occasional - seen only a few times during a season
r - rare - seen at intervals of 2 to 5 years
* - nesting
# - threatened or endangered species

LOONS                                 STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ Common Loon                    m          r         -         -        r


GREBES                                STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ Pied-billed Grebe*              pr           c        c        c       u

___ Horned Grebe                     m           r         -         r        -

___ Eared Grebe*                      sr           u        c        u        -

___ Western Grebe*                  sr           u        c        c        -

___ Clark's Grebe*                    sr           u         c        u       -


PELICANS AND CORMORANTS               STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ American White Pelican                       sr          u         c       u        -

___ Double-crested Cormorant                    sr          u         c       u        r
 

BITTERNS, HERONS AND EGRETS           STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ American Bittern*                                   sr          u        c        u        r

___ Great Blue Heron                                   pr          c        c        c        r

___ Great Egret*                                            sr          c        c        c        -

___ Snowy Egret*                                          sr          r         r        u        -

___ Cattle Egret                                            m           r        -         r         -

___ Green Heron*                                         sr           r        r         r         -

___ Black-crowned Night-Heron*                  sr           c       c         c         -


IBISES AND SPOONBILLS                 STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ White-faced Ibis                              sr            o        r        o        -


WATERFOWL                                 STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ Tundra Swan                               wr           a        -       a         a

___ Greater White-fronted Goose       m            u        -       u         u

___ Snow Goose                                 m            o        -       o         o

___ Ross' Goose                                  m            o        -       o         o

___ Canada Goose*                            pr            a        a      a         a

___ Wood Duck                                  m             o        r       u         -

___ Green-winged Teal*                    m             u        r       u         -

___ Mallard*                                      pr             a        a       a        c

___ Northern Pintail*                         pr             c        c       c         u

___ Blue-winged Teal                       m              u        r       o         -
 
___ Cinnamon Teal*                          sr              a       a       u         r

___ Northern Shoveler*                     sr              u        u      u         o

___ Gadwall*                                     sr              c       a       a         o

___ Eurasian Wigeon                         v               r        -       r          r

___ American Wigeon*                      pr             c        c       a        c
 
___ Canvasback*                               sr              u        u       u        o

___ Redhead*                                    sr              c        c       c        o

___ Ring-necked Duck                       m              u        -       u        u

___ Greater Scaup                            m               r        -        -         r

___ Lesser Scaup                              m              u        r       u        u

___ White-winged Scoter                  m              o        -       o        o

___ Common Goldeneye                  wr              u        -       u        c

___ Barrow's Goldeneye                   m               r        -       r         o

___ Bufflehead                                 wr              c        -       c         c

___ Hooded Merganser                    wr              o        -       u         u

___ Common Merganser                  wr              c        -       c         c

___ Ruddy Duck*                               sr              c        c       c         o


VULTURES                              STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ Turkey Vulture                      sr           o        u        o       -


OSPREY, KITES, EAGLES AND HAWKS       STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ Osprey                                                       sr           o        o       o         r

___ White-tailed Kite                                        v            r         r       r          r

___ Bald Eagle#                                               wr          c         r       u        c

___ Northern Harrier*                                       pr           c        c       c         c

___ Sharp-shinned Hawk                                 wr           o        r       o        o

___ Cooper's Hawk*                                          sr           o        o       o        u

___ Northern Goshawk                                     wr           -         -       -         o

___ Red-shouldered Hawk                                pr           r         r       r         r

___ Swainson's Hawk                                       sr           o         o      o        -

___ Red-tailed Hawk*                                       pr           c         a      c        c

___ Ferruginous Hawk                                     wr           -          -       -         o

___ Rough-legged Hawk                                  wr           c         -       c        c

___ Golden Eagle                                             pr           u        o       u        u


FALCONS                               STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ American Kestrel*               pr           c         c        c       u

___ Merlin                                  m           o         r        o       r

___ Peregrine Falcon#               m           r         r         r       r

___ Prairie Falcon                      m          u         o        u       u
 

GALLINACEOUS BIRDS                    STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ Ring-necked Pheasant*                 pr           a         a       a        a

___ Sage Grouse                                 pr            r         r        -         -

___ California Quail*                           pr            u        u       u        u
 

RAILS                                 STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ Virginia Rail*                   sr            u        c        u         -

___ Sora*                               sr            u        c        u         -

___ American Coot*               pr            a        a       a        u


CRANES                                STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ Sandhill Crane*(sb)             sr           c        c        c        -


PLOVERS                               STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ Black-bellied Plover            m            r        -         -         -

___ Snowy Plover                      m            r        r         r         -

___ Semipalmated Plover         m            u        r        o         -

___ Killdeer*                              pr            c        a       c         r


STILTS AND AVOCETS                    STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ Black-necked Stilt*                        sr           u        c        o        -

___ American Avocet*                         sr           c         c        o        -


SHOREBIRDS                            STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ Greater Yellowlegs                  m          c         u       c         -

___ Lesser Yellowlegs                    m          o         r       o         -

___ Solitary Sandpiper                  m          o          r       o         -
 
___ Willet*                                     sr           c         c       o         -

___ Spotted Sandpiper*                 sr          o         u       o         -

___ Long-billed Curlew*                sr           u         u       u         -
 
___ Marbled Godwit                      m           r          -         -         -

___ Western Sandpiper                 m           u         u        u        -

___ Least Sandpiper                      m          u         u         -         -

___ Dunlin                                      m          u         r         -          -

___ Long-billed Dowitcher             m          c         u        c          -
 

SNIPE                                 STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ Common Snipe*               sr            c        c       c        o


PHALAROPES                            STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ Wilson's Phalarope*                 sr           c        c        o       -

___ Red-necked Phalarope            m           r         -         -        -


GULLS AND TERNS                       STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ Bonaparte's Gull                         m           o         -         -         -

___ Ring-billed Gull                          pr           u         c        u         r

___ California Gull                            pr           u         c        u         r

___ Caspian Tern                              sr            c         c        c         -

___ Forster's Tern*                            sr            c         c        c         -

___ Black Tern                                  sr            u        u        u         -


DOVES                                 STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ Rock Dove*                       pr            o        o        o       o

___ Mourning Dove*                pr            c        c        c        r


CUCKOOS                               STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ Yellow-billed Cuckoo            m            r        r        r         -


OWLS                                  STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ Barn Owl*                           pr          u         u       u       u

___ Great Horned Owl*             pr          c         c        c       c

___ Burrowing Owl*                  sr           r         r        r       -

___ Long-eared Owl                 pr           r         r        r        r

___ Short-eared Owl*               pr           u         u       u       r


GOATSUCKERS                           STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ Common Nighthawk                  sr          u         c        u        -


SWIFTS                                STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ Vaux's Swift                        m          r          r        -        -


HUMMINGBIRDS                          STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ Black-chinned Hummingbird      sr           r        r        r         -

___ Calliope Hummingbird               sr           r        r        r         -

___ Rufous Hummingbird                 m           r        r        u         -


KINGFISHERS                           STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ Belted Kingfisher                    sr          u         r       u         o


WOODPECKERS                           STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ Lewis' Woodpecker                    m          o        r         o        r

___ Red-breasted Sapsucker            m           -        -          r        -

___ Red-naped Sapsucker                fm          -        -         o        -
 
___ Downy Woodpecker*                  sr          u        u        u        o

___ Hairy Woodpecker*                    sr           o        o        o        -
 
___ Northern Flicker*                       pr           c        c        c        c


FLYCATCHERS                           STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ Western Wood-Pewee             m           u        o        u        -

___ Willow Flycatcher*                   sr           u        o        u        -

___ Hammond's Flycatcher             m          o         r        o        -

___ Dusky Flycatcher                      m          o         -        o        -

___ Gray Flycatcher                        sr          o        o         -        -

___ "Western" Flycatcher               m           r         r         r        -

___ Say's Phoebe                           m          u         r         r        -

___ Ash-throated Flycatcher*          sr          o         u        o        -

___ Western Kingbird*                    sr          u         c        u        -

___ Eastern Kingbird                      m           -         r         -        -


LARKS                                 STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ Horned Lark                      pr           c        u       c        u 


SWALLOWS                                        STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ Tree Swallow*                                   sr           a        a        a        -

___ Violet-green Swallow*                       sr           c         r        u        -

___ Northern Rough-winged Swallow*     sr           u        o        u        -

___ Bank Swallow*                                   sr           o        o        o        -

___ Cliff Swallow*                                    sr           a         a        c        -

___ Barn Swallow*                                   sr           c        a         c        -


JAYS, MAGPIES AND CROWS         STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ Steller's Jay                                  m           r         -         -        r

___ Scrub Jay                                     pr           o         o       o       o

___ Black-billed Magpie*                    pr           c         c        c       c

___ American Crow                            sr            o         r        -        -

___ Common Raven                           pr            u        c        u       u


CHICKADEES AND TITMICE           STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ Mountain Chickadee                   m           c        r       c         o

___ Plain Titmouse                           wr           r        r        r         -


BUSHTITS                              STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ Bushtit                                wr            r        -         -         r


NUTHATCHES                            STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ Red-breasted Nuthatch           m           o        o        o         -


CREEPERS                              STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ Brown Creeper                     m            r        -         r        -


WRENS                                 STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ Rock Wren*                        sr            o        o       o        -

___ Bewick's Wren                   m            o        -        o        r

___ House Wren*                      sr            u        c       u        -

___ Winter Wren                      m             -        -        r         r

___ Marsh Wren*                     pr             c        a       c       o


KINGLETS, BLUEBIRDS              STATUS    Sp       S       F       W
AND THRUSHES


___ Golden-crowned Kinglet          wr          o        -         o        o
 
___ Ruby-crowned Kinglet              m          c         r        u         r

___ Blue-gray Gnatcatcher             m           r         r         -         -

___ Western Bluebird                     m           o        o         r         r

___ Mountain Bluebird                   m           u        -          u        o

___ Townsend's Solitaire               wr          o        -           o        c

___ Swainson's Thrush                   m          o         -           r         -

___ Hermit Thrush                          m          u         -           u         -

___ American Robin*                      pr          c        c           c         c

___ Varied Thrush                          m           -         -           r          r


MOCKINGBIRDS             STATUS    Sp       S       F       W
AND THRASHERS


___ Sage Thrasher*            sr           -         o        c        -


PIPITS                            STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ American Pipit              m          c         -        c        r


WAXWINGS                          STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ Bohemian Waxwing          wr            -        -        -        r

___ Cedar Waxwing                 m            o        r       o       u


SHRIKES                             STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ Northern Shrike                wr          o         -        -         o
 
___ Loggerhead Shrike           pr           r         r        r         r


STARLINGS                       STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ European Starling*          pr          a         a       a        u


VIREOS                       STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ Solitary Vireo            m           o        o        -         -

___ Warbling Vireo          m           u        o        u        -


WARBLERS                                 STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ Tennessee Warbler                  m            r         -        r         -

___ Orange-crowned Warbler         m           a         o       a        -

___ Nashville Warbler                     m           o         -        o        -
 
___ Yellow Warbler*                        sr           c         c        c        -

___ Yellow-rumped Warbler            m           a         r        a        -

___ Black-throated Gray Warbler    m            r         -         r        -
 
___ Townsend Warbler                   m            r         -         -         -

___ MacGillivray's Warbler              m           c         r        u         -

___ Common Yellowthroat*             sr           c         c        c         -

___ Wilson's Warbler                      m           c          r        c         -

___ Yellow-breasted Chat               m            -          -         r         -


TANAGERS                     STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ Western Tanager          m          u         r        u        -


GROSBEAKS AND BUNTINGS      STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ Black-headed Grosbeak            m           o        o        o        -

___ Lazuli Bunting                           m           o        o        r        -


TOWHEES AND SPARROWS        STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ Green-tailed Towhee                m            o        -        o        -

___ Rufous-sided Towhee               m            u         -        u        -
 
___ American Tree Sparrow           wr           o         -        o        u

___ Chipping Sparrow                     wr          o         -         o       o

___ Brewer's Sparrow*                    sr            u        u        u        -

___ Vesper Sparrow*                       sr            o        o        o        -

___ Lark Sparrow                            sr            o        o        -         -

___ Sage Sparrow                           sr            r         r         r        -

___ Savannah Sparrow*                  sr            c        u        c        r

___ Fox Sparrow                             m            o        -         o       -

___ Song Sparrow*                         pr            c        a        a       u

___ Lincoln's Sparrow                    m             c        -         c       -

___ White-throated Sparrow           m             r        -         r        -

___ Golden-crowned Sparrow        m             r        -         r        r

___ White-crowned Sparrow          m             a        -        a        o

___ Dark-eyed Junco                      wr            c        -        c        c



BLACKBIRDS, MEADOWLARKS      STATUS    Sp       S       F       W
AND ORIOLES


___ Red-winged Blackbird*                sr            a        a       c         o

___ Tricolored Blackbird*                   sr            o        o       o         -

___ Western Meadowlark*                 sr             c        c       c         u

___ Yellow-headed Blackbird*           sr             c        a       c         r

___ Brewer's Blackbird*                     pr             c        c       c        u

___ Brown-headed Cowbird*             sr              c        c       c        -

___ Bullock's Oriole*                          sr             u        u       u        -


FINCHES                               STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ House Finch*                      pr           c         a       c       c

___ Pine Siskin                         m           o         o       -        r

___ Lesser Goldfinch*               m           o         o       o       r

___ American Goldfinch            sr          u         u        u       r

___ Evening Grosbeak              m           o         o        o      o


WEAVER FINCHES          STATUS    Sp       S       F       W



___ House Sparrow*           pr          a         a        c        c

ACCIDENTAL SPECIES - Species that are out of their normal range or habitat. The following birds have been documented only once or twice on the refuge.

last updated 08/01/08