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| Bird List |
This list of approximately 280 species of birds that have
been recorded on the Refuge and its immediate environs. It includes
some 85 species that nest here, as well as migratory birds travelling the
Atlantic Flyway that use the Refuge as a resting and feeding stop.
The list was composed in accordance with the Sixth American Ornithologists
Union Checklist, and lists birds by category and seasonal relative abundance. ****Please note that the list below is outdated. Volunteers are working on compiling information to update the information.****
Key: The 4 columns after each species lists its relative abundance
for the 4 seasons of the year: spring, summer, fall, and winter.
Relative abundance is coded as follows:
-
a - abundant - a very numerous species.
-
c - common - likely to be seen or heard in suitable habitat.
-
u - uncommon - present, but not likely to be seen.
-
o - occasional - seen only a few times in a season.
-
r - rare- present only in certain years.
Species listed in bold text are birds known to nest on or near
the Refuge. To search the entire list, scroll down. To view the list for
a certain class of birds, click on one of the following links:
Loons-Grebes
| Red-throated Loon |
|
|
r |
r |
| Common Loon |
o |
|
o |
o |
| Pied-billed Grebe |
c |
r |
c |
o |
| Horned Grebe |
r |
|
r |
r |
| Red-necked Grebe |
r |
|
|
r |
Gannets - Pelicans - Cormorants
| Northern Gannet |
|
|
r |
r |
| Doubled-crested Cormorant |
c |
r |
c |
r |
Bitterns - Herons - Ibises
| American Bittern |
c |
r |
o |
r |
| Least Bittern |
o |
c |
o |
|
| Great Blue Heron |
a |
c |
a |
c |
| Great Egret |
a |
a |
a |
r |
| Snowy Egret |
a |
a |
a |
|
| Little Blue Heron |
o |
c |
c |
|
| Tricolored Heron |
o |
o |
o |
|
| Cattle Egret |
o |
o |
r |
|
| Green-backed Heron |
c |
a |
a |
r |
| Black-crowned Night Heron |
a |
a |
a |
o |
| Yellow-crowned Night Heron |
r |
r |
r |
|
| White Ibis |
r |
|
r |
|
| Glossy Ibis |
o |
o |
o |
|
Swans - Geese - Ducks
| Tundra Swan |
r |
|
r |
r |
| Mute Swan |
o |
o |
o |
o |
| Snow Goose |
r |
r |
r |
r |
| Brant |
r |
|
r |
r |
| Canada Goose |
a |
a |
a |
c |
| Wood Duck |
a |
c |
a |
o |
| Green-winged Teal |
c |
o |
a |
c |
| American Black Duck |
a |
c |
a |
c |
| Mallard |
a |
a |
a |
c |
| Northern Pintail |
c |
o |
c |
c |
| Blue-winged Teal |
c |
c |
c |
r |
| Northern Shoveler |
c |
r |
c |
o |
| Gadwall |
o |
r |
o |
o |
| Eurasian Wigeon |
r |
|
r |
r |
| American Wigeon |
o |
|
o |
o |
| Canvasback |
o |
|
o |
r |
| Redhead |
r |
r |
r |
r |
| Ring-necked Duck |
o |
r |
o |
o |
| Greater Scaup |
c |
r |
o |
o |
| Lesser Scaup |
o |
|
o |
o |
| Oldsquaw |
r |
|
r |
r |
| White-tailed Scoter |
r |
|
r |
r |
| Common Goldeneye |
r |
r |
r |
r |
| Bufflehead |
o |
|
o |
r |
| Hooded Merganser |
o |
r |
o |
r |
| Common Merganser |
o |
|
o |
o |
| Red-breasted Merganser |
o |
|
r |
r |
| Ruddy Duck |
c |
o |
c |
c |
Vultures - Hawks - Falcons
| Turkey Vulture |
o |
o |
o |
o |
| Osprey |
o |
o |
o |
|
| Bald Eagle |
u |
r |
u |
u |
| Northern Harrier |
c |
o |
c |
c |
| Sharp-shinned Hawk |
o |
r |
o |
r |
| Cooper's Hawk |
o |
r |
o |
o |
| Northern Goshawk |
r |
|
r |
r |
| Red-shouldered Hawk |
o |
r |
o |
o |
| Broad-winged Hawk |
o |
o |
c |
r |
| Red-tailed Hawk |
c |
r |
c |
c |
| Rough-legged Hawk |
r |
|
o |
o |
| Golden Eagle |
r |
|
r |
r |
| American Kestrel |
c |
c |
c |
c |
| Merlin |
o |
r |
o |
r |
| Peregrine Falcon |
r |
r |
r |
r |
Grouse - Quail - Turkey
| Ring-necked Pheasant |
a |
a |
a |
a |
| Northern Bobwhite |
r |
r |
r |
r |
Rails - Cranes
| Yellow Rail |
r |
|
r |
|
| King Rail |
o |
o |
o |
r |
| Virginia Rail |
o |
o |
o |
r |
| Sora |
o |
o |
o |
r |
| Common Moorhen |
u |
u |
u |
r |
| American Coot |
c |
o |
c |
o |
Plovers - Sandpipers
| Black-bellied Plover |
o |
r |
c |
r |
| Lesser Golden Plover |
r |
|
c |
|
| Semipalmated Plover |
c |
r |
c |
|
| Piping Plover |
r |
|
r |
|
| Killdeer |
a |
a |
a |
o |
| Greater Yellowlegs |
c |
o |
c |
r |
| Lesser Yellowlegs |
o |
o |
o |
r |
| Solitary Sandpiper |
c |
o |
c |
|
| Willet |
r |
|
r |
|
| Spotted Sandpiper |
c |
c |
c |
|
| Upland Sandpiper |
r |
r |
r |
|
| Whimbrel |
r |
|
r |
|
| Hudsonian Godwit |
|
|
o |
|
| Marbled Godwit |
|
|
r |
|
| Ruddy Turnstone |
r |
r |
r |
|
| Red Knot |
r |
|
r |
|
| Sanderling |
r |
|
r |
|
| Semipalmated Sandpiper |
c |
o |
c |
r |
| Western Sandpiper |
|
r |
o |
r |
| Least Sandpiper |
o |
o |
o |
r |
| White-rumped Sandpiper |
o |
o |
o |
|
| Baird's Sandpiper |
r |
r |
r |
|
| Pectoral Sandpiper |
c |
o |
c |
r |
| Dunlin |
o |
|
o |
r |
| Curlew Sandpiper |
r |
r |
r |
|
| Stilt Sandpiper |
r |
r |
o |
|
| Buff-breasted Sandpiper |
|
|
r |
|
| Ruff |
o |
r |
o |
r |
| Short-billed Dowitcher |
o |
r |
o |
r |
| Long-billed Dowitcher |
o |
r |
o |
r |
| Common Snipe |
c |
r |
c |
o |
| American Woodcock |
c |
c |
c |
r |
| Wilson's Phalarope |
r |
r |
r |
|
| Red-necked Phalorope |
r |
|
r |
|
Jaegers - Gulls - Terns - Auks
| Laughing Gull |
o |
o |
c |
r |
| Bonaparte's Gull |
o |
r |
o |
r |
| Ring-billed Gull |
c |
o |
c |
c |
| Herring Gull |
c |
o |
c |
c |
| Iceland Gull |
r |
|
r |
r |
| Glaucous Gull |
r |
|
r |
r |
| Great Black-backed Gull |
c |
o |
c |
c |
| Caspian Tern |
o |
r |
o |
|
| Common Tern |
r |
r |
r |
|
| Forster's Tern |
r |
o |
c |
|
| Least Tern |
r |
r |
r |
|
| Royal Tern |
|
|
r |
|
| Black Tern |
o |
r |
o |
|
| Gull-billed Tern |
|
|
r |
|
Doves - Cuckoos - Owls
- Swifts - Hummingbirds
| Rock Dove |
o |
o |
o |
o |
| Mourning Dove |
c |
c |
c |
c |
| Black-billed Cuckoo |
o |
o |
o |
|
| Yellow-billed Cuckoo |
o |
o |
o |
|
| Barn Owl |
c |
c |
c |
c |
| Eastern Screech Owl |
r |
r |
r |
r |
| Great Horned Owl |
c |
c |
c |
c |
| Snowy Owl |
r |
|
r |
r |
| Barred Owl |
r |
r |
r |
r |
| Long-eared Owl |
r |
|
r |
r |
| Short-eared Owl |
o |
|
o |
o |
| Northern Saw-whet Owl |
r |
r |
r |
r |
| Common Nighthawk |
c |
o |
c |
|
| Whip-poor-will |
r |
r |
r |
|
| Chimney Swift |
c |
c |
c |
|
| Ruby-throated Hummingbird |
c |
o |
c |
|
| Belted Kingfisher |
c |
o |
c |
o |
Woodpeckers - Flycatchers
| Red-headed Woodpecker |
r |
r |
r |
|
| Red-bellied Woodpecker |
r |
r |
r |
r |
| Yellow-bellied Sapsucker |
u |
r |
o |
r |
| Downy Woodpecker |
c |
c |
c |
c |
| Hairy Woodpecker |
o |
o |
o |
o |
| Northern Flicker |
c |
c |
c |
o |
| Olive-sided Flycatcher |
r |
|
u |
|
| Eastern Wood Pewee |
o |
r |
o |
|
| Yellow-bellied Flycatcher |
r |
r |
u |
|
| Acadian Flycatcher |
r |
r |
u |
|
| Alder Flycatcher |
o |
o |
u |
|
| Willow Flycatcher |
c |
c |
u |
|
| Least Flycatcher |
r |
r |
u |
|
| Eastern Phoebe |
c |
o |
o |
r |
| Great Crested Flycatcher |
o |
r |
o |
|
| Western Kingbird |
|
|
r |
|
| Eastern Kingbird |
c |
c |
c |
|
Larks - Swallows - Jays - Crows
| Horned Lark |
r |
r |
r |
r |
| Purple Martin |
o |
r |
c |
|
| Tree Swallow |
a |
a |
a |
|
| Northern Rough-winged Swallow |
c |
o |
o |
|
| Bank Swallow |
c |
o |
c |
|
| Cliff Swallow |
o |
r |
o |
|
| Barn Swallow |
a |
a |
a |
|
| Blue Jay |
c |
c |
c |
c |
| American Crow |
c |
c |
c |
c |
| Fish Crow |
c |
c |
c |
c |
Titmice - Nuthatches - Wrens
| Black-capped Chickadee |
o |
r |
o |
o |
| Carolina Chickadee |
c |
c |
c |
c |
| Tufted Titmouse |
c |
c |
c |
c |
| Red-breasted Nuthatch |
o |
|
o |
o |
| White-breasted Nuthatch |
o |
o |
o |
o |
| Brown Creeper |
c |
|
c |
c |
| Carolina Wren |
c |
c |
c |
c |
| Bewick's Wren |
r |
r |
r |
|
| House Wren |
c |
c |
c |
r |
| Winter Wren |
o |
|
c |
r |
| Sedge Wren |
r |
r |
r |
|
| Marsh Wren |
c |
c |
c |
r |
Kinglets - Thrushes - Thrashers
| Golden-crowned Kinglet |
o |
|
c |
o |
| Ruby-crowned Kinglet |
c |
|
c |
o |
| Blue-gray Gnatcatcher |
o |
r |
o |
r |
| Eastern Bluebird |
o |
|
o |
r |
| Veery |
c |
o |
c |
|
| Gray-cheeked Thrush |
c |
o |
c |
|
| Swainson's Thrush |
c |
o |
c |
|
| Hermit Thrush |
o |
c |
c |
r |
| Wood Thrush |
c |
c |
c |
r |
| American Robin |
a |
a |
a |
o |
| Gray Catbird |
c |
c |
c |
o |
| Northern Mockingbird |
c |
c |
c |
c |
| Brown Thrasher |
c |
c |
c |
o |
Waxwings - Shrikes - Starlings
| American Pipit |
o |
r |
o |
o |
| Cedar Waxwing |
o |
o |
o |
o |
| Northern Shrike |
|
|
|
r |
| Loggerhead Shrike |
r |
r |
r |
r |
| European Starling |
a |
a |
a |
a |
Vireos - Wood Warblers
| White-eyed Vireo |
c |
c |
c |
|
| Solitary Vireo |
c |
r |
c |
|
| Yellow-throated Vireo |
o |
r |
o |
|
| Warbling Vireo |
c |
c |
c |
|
| Philadelphia Vireo |
r |
r |
r |
|
| Red-eyed Vireo |
c |
o |
c |
|
| Blue-winged Warbler |
o |
o |
o |
|
| Golden-winged Warbler |
r |
r |
r |
|
| Tennessee Warbler |
o |
r |
o |
|
| Orange-crowned Warbler |
r |
|
o |
r |
| Nashville Warbler |
o |
r |
o |
|
| Northern Parula |
c |
r |
c |
|
| Yellow Warbler |
a |
a |
a |
r |
| Chestnut-sided Warbler |
c |
r |
c |
|
| Magnolia Warbler |
c |
r |
c |
|
| Cape May Warbler |
o |
r |
c |
|
| Black-throated Blue Warbler |
c |
r |
c |
|
| Yellow-rumped Warbler |
c |
r |
c |
o |
| Black-throated Green Warbler |
c |
r |
c |
|
| Blackburnian Warbler |
c |
r |
c |
|
| Pine Warbler |
o |
r |
o |
|
| Prairie Warbler |
c |
r |
c |
|
| Palm Warbler |
c |
r |
c |
r |
| Bay-breasted Warbler |
c |
r |
c |
|
| Blackpoll Warbler |
c |
r |
c |
|
| Cerulean Warbler |
r |
r |
r |
|
| Black-and-white Warbler |
c |
r |
c |
r |
| American Redstart |
c |
r |
c |
|
| Prothonotary Warbler |
r |
r |
u |
|
| Worm-eating Warbler |
r |
r |
u |
|
| Ovenbird |
c |
r |
c |
|
| Northern Waterthrush |
c |
r |
c |
r |
| Louisiana Waterthrush |
r |
r |
u |
|
| Kentucky Warbler |
r |
r |
u |
|
| Connecticut Warbler |
r |
r |
u |
|
| Mourning Warbler |
o |
r |
o |
|
| Common Yellowthroat |
c |
c |
c |
r |
| Hooded Warbler |
r |
r |
u |
|
| Wilson's Warbler |
c |
r |
u |
r |
| Canada Warbler |
c |
r |
c |
|
| Yellow-breasted Chat |
c |
c |
c |
r |
Tanagers - Sparrows
| Summer Tanager |
r |
r |
r |
|
| Scarlet Tanager |
c |
r |
c |
|
| Northern Cardinal |
c |
c |
c |
c |
| Rose-breasted Grosbeak |
c |
r |
o |
|
| Blue Grosbeak |
u |
u |
u |
r |
| Indigo Bunting |
c |
c |
c |
|
| Dickcissel |
r |
r |
r |
r |
| Rufous-sided Towhee |
c |
c |
c |
r |
| American Tree Sparrow |
c |
|
c |
c |
| Chipping Sparrow |
o |
o |
o |
o |
| Clay-colored Sparrow |
r |
|
r |
|
| Field Sparrow |
c |
o |
c |
c |
| Vesper Sparrow |
c |
o |
o |
o |
| Savannah Sparrow |
c |
r |
c |
r |
| Grasshopper Sparrow |
r |
|
r |
|
| Henslow's Sparrow |
r |
|
r |
|
| Sharp-tailed Sparrow |
|
|
r |
|
| Fox Sparrow |
u |
|
u |
u |
| Song Sparrow |
c |
c |
c |
c |
| Lincoln's Sparrow |
r |
|
r |
r |
| Swamp Sparrow |
c |
c |
c |
c |
| White-throated Sparrow |
c |
r |
c |
c |
| White-crowned Sparrow |
c |
|
c |
c |
| Lark Sparrow |
r |
|
r |
|
| Harris' Sparrow |
r |
|
|
|
| Dark-eyed Junco |
c |
r |
c |
c |
| Lapland Longspur |
r |
|
r |
o |
| Snow Bunting |
r |
|
r |
r |
Blackbirds - Finches
| Bobolink |
o |
r |
c |
|
| Red-winged Blackbird |
a |
a |
a |
c |
| Eastern Meadowlark |
o |
r |
o |
r |
| Rusty Blackbird |
c |
r |
c |
o |
| Brewer's Blackbird |
|
|
r |
r |
| Common Grackle |
c |
c |
c |
o |
| Brown-headed Cowbird |
c |
c |
c |
o |
| Orchard Oriole |
o |
u |
r |
|
| Northern Oriole |
c |
o |
c |
r |
| Purple Finch |
o |
r |
c |
o |
| House Finch |
o |
c |
c |
c |
| Red Crossbill |
|
|
|
r |
| White-winged Crossbill |
|
|
|
r |
| Common Redpoll |
r |
|
r |
r |
| Pine Siskin |
r |
r |
o |
o |
| American Goldfinch |
c |
c |
c |
c |
| Evening Grosbeak |
r |
|
r |
r |
| House Sparrow |
c |
c |
c |
c |
|
|
|
Last updated:
December 13, 2012
