Foreign Species | Parrots
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The yellow-billed parrot, found only on the island of Jamaica, was listed as a threatened species under the Endangered Species Act because of continued threats from deforestation, the pet trade, the risk of disease transmission, predation, inadequate regulatory mechanisms, and hurricanes.
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The U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service is reopening the comment period on proposals to protect the hyacinth macaw, great green macaw and military macaw as endangered under the Endangered Species Act to allow the public adequate time to provide additional comments on the status of the species. These species occur in nearly 15 countries throughout Central America, South America and Mexico, and face significant threats, particularly due to habitat loss and degradation and poaching.
To learn more about each of these bird species see individual details below, which include links to the proposed rules. |
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This species is endemic to a small area in Bolivia, and there are estimated to be fewer than 200 individuals remaining in the wild. Its population continues to How You Can Help decrease despite intense conservation efforts. The primary threat to the species is lack of reproductive success (loss of nestlings) due to nest failure, which primarily is caused by competition for nest sites and predation by larger avian species, in addition to diminished availability of suitable habitat.
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Great Green Macaw (Ara ambiguous)
The Service has determined that listing the great green macaw as endangered under the Endangered Species Act is warranted. The great green macaw has small populations in Costa Rica, Colombia, Ecuador, Honduras, Nicaragua, and Panama. Based on the best available information, the total population of the great green macaw is likely between a thousand and 3,000 individuals. The great green macaw is highly dependant on the almendro tree (mountain almond tree), which is listed on Appendix III of CITES in Costa Rica and Nicaragua.
Federal Register (Proposed Rule) |
Hyacinth Macaw (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus)
The Fish and Wildlife Service has determined that listing as endangered is warranted for the world's largest flying parrot, the hyacinth macaw (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus) under the ESA. At one time, hyacinth macaws were widely distributed throughout Brazil, Bolivia, and Paraguay. Today, the species is limited to three isolated populations, almost exclusively within Brazil. It faces significant threats, particularly due to high deforestation rates, which could destroy remaining native habitat as early as 2030. The hyacinth macaw is found in three populations in the Pará, Gerais, and Pantanal regions. The Par and Gerais populations combined is approximately 1,500 individuals. Hyacinth macaws nest in tree cavities and in some parts of its range, in cliff cavities. Habitat loss, hunting, and competition for food or nesting resources impact the highly specialized nature of the hyacinth macaw. Federal Register (Proposed Rule) |
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Military Macaw (Ara militaris)
The Service finds that listing the military macaw as endangered is warranted. The range of the military macaw extends from northern Mexico southward into Ecuador, Peru, Colombia, Venezuela, Bolivia, and the southern tip of Argentina. The Service carefully assessed the best available scientific and commercial information regarding the past, present and future threats faced by this species. These species face significant threats particularly due to habitat loss and encroachment. There are threats due to habitat loss, overutilization, and inadequate regulatory mechanisms. The current total population of the military macaw is unclear; however, based on recent records, we believe that the population is substantially fewer than 10,000 individuals. Federal Register (Proposed Rule) |
Scarlet Macaw (Ara macao)
The Service finds that listing the scarlet macaw subspecies, Ara macao cyanoptera, and the northern distinct vertebrate population segment of the scarlet macaw subspecies, Ara macao macao as endangered is warranted and is issuing a proposed rule to list this subspecies and distinct vertebrate population segment. This foreign bird species is found from Mexico to Brazil and currently occurs in 16 Central and South American countries. The Service found that illegal trade and loss of forest habitat pose significant threats to the species in the northern part of its range (from Mexico south to the Colombian Andes), where the subspecies A. m. cyanoptera and the northern DPS of the subspecies A. m. macao occur. Additional Links |
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Petition History March 11, 2013, News Release
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