3.5 BOUNDARIES--MAJOR CODE 090

3.5.1 General Principles

Civil boundaries are the limiting lines of jurisdictional authority for the various levels of government. The international boundaries of the United States were established through treaties made by the nations concerned, and State boundaries have been defined by the Congress of the United States. Subdivisions within the States, counties or county equivalents, can be further divided into minor civil subdivisions. Incorporated places include cities, towns, and villages. Incorporated places can be within, exclusive of, or coextensive with, the county or minor civil division in which they are located. Quadrangle maps show only subdivisions that are reasonably stable. Refer to Appendix 3.5.A for more specific information on the civil divisions of the States, the District of Columbia, the Outlying Areas of the United States, the Freely Associated States, and the Trust Territory.

In addition to civil boundaries, a variety of reservations are also collected in this category. Appendix 3.5.B provides generic examples of the kinds of reservations that are associated with each reservation type, regardless of jurisdiction. Appendix 3.5.C is divided into separate parts for national, State, and county, and lists the DLG-3 code used to collect each kind of reservation.

Where boundaries of two or more units of different rank coincide, only the symbol for the higher ranking unit boundary is shown on the map. Boundaries are ranked in the following order: national; State, commonwealth, and territory; county, parish, borough, and municipio; township or minor civil division; city or incorporated place; Federal reservation; other reservation; large park and small park.

3.5.1.1 Node Attribute Codes

There are no general principles that apply to the node attribute code.

3.5.1.2 Area Attribute Codes

All areas in this category are attributed. The codes for Canada, Mexico, and open water are independent codes, and no other codes are applied to these areas. Coastal water areas may occasionally require only the State FIPS code. All land areas require State and county FIPS codes as a minimum, and additional codes as needed to describe the area. For example, a small park in an incorporated city which is part of an active township will be coded with State FIPS, county FIPS, incorporated city code, township code, Township FIPS, and the small park code.

National, State, and county reservations are all shown with the same symbology. If the reservation boundary also has pink stippling, it is a national reservation; however, the pink stippling has not always been used, so many national areas are shown without the stippling. The name of the reservation may indicate jurisdiction but often does not. Ancillary sources may be required to determine jurisdiction.

It is not uncommon for a reservation to be shown as completely overlapping, partially overlapping, or entirely within another reservation. It may be difficult to determine if the area in question is part of just one of the reservations, or both. However, for forests and parks, any area within the proclamation boundaries is considered to be part of the forest or park. Therefore, any other reservations shown within a forest or park are coded with both the forest or park code appropriate for the jurisdiction, and any additional reservation code or codes that apply.

Areas normally shown with the reservation boundary symbology may be shown with a dashed line if the area is quite small.

Hawaii is divided into five counties. Four of the counties are subdivided into minor civil divisions called districts. Ahupuaas and homesteads reflect historical ownership patterns and although they are not civil boundaries, they are important features and are collected. The boundaries of ilis and leles, further subdivisions of ahupuaas, are not collected.

3.5.1.3 Line Attribute Codes

Boundary lines are not attributed if they are implicitly defined by the bounding area. For example, a civil township boundary is deducible as such from the area codes on either side of it. However, boundary lines that are shown in purple have 090 0000 (photorevised feature) attached to the line segment itself.

3.5.1.4 Single-Point Attribute Codes

There are no general principles that apply to the single-point attribute code.

3.5.1.5 General Purpose Attribute Codes

There are no general purpose attribute codes.

3.5.1.6 Descriptive Attribute Codes

There are no descriptive attribute codes.

3.5.1.7 Parameter Attribute Codes

There are no general principles that apply to the parameter attribute codes.

3.5.1.8 List of Boundaries Attribute Codes

o Node attribute codes

090 0001 Boundary monument
090 0002 Boundary turning point - Code deleted

o Area attribute codes

000 0000 Outside area
090 0100 Civil township, district, precinct, or barrio
090 0101 Incorporated city, village, town, borough, or hamlet
090 0103 National park
090 0104 National forest
090 0105 National wildlife area
090 0106 National wilderness area
090 0107 Indian reservation
090 0108 Military reservation
090 0109 Non-military government reservation - Code deleted
090 0110 Federal prison
090 0111 Miscellaneous Federal reservation
090 0113 Land grant - Code Deleted
090 0129 Miscellaneous State reservation
090 0130 State park
090 0131 State wildlife area
090 0132 State forest
090 0133 State prison
090 0134 Miscellaneous county reservation
090 0135 Ahupuaa (Hawaii)
090 0136 Hawaiian homestead
090 0150 Large park (city, county, or private)
090 0151 Small park (city, county, or private)
090 0197 Canada
090 0198 Mexico
090 0199 Open water

o Line attribute codes

090 0200 Approximate boundary - Code deleted
090 0201 Indefinite or approximate boundary
090 0202 Disputed boundary
090 0203 Historical line
090 0204 Boundary closure line
090 0299 Processing line

o Single-point attribute codes

090 0301 Reference monument for boundary point

o General purpose attribute codes

There are no general purpose codes

o Descriptive attribute codes

There are no descriptive codes

o Parameter attribute codes

090 0000 Photorevised feature
091 00-- State or State equivalent FIPS code
092 0--- County or county equivalent FIPS code
093 00-- Civil township or civil township equivalent FIPS code, first two digits
094 0--- Civil township or civil township equivalent FIPS code, last three digits
095 ---- Monument number
096 XXYY Alphabetic portion of any monument number
098 0000 Best estimate of classification or position - Code Deleted
099 00-- Coincident feature - Code deleted

3.5.2 Node Attribute Codes

This code identifies a physical monument shown by symbols 222, 223, 225, 226 (A); 512.104, 512.105, 512.107 (C); or 2102.08, 2102.09 (D) or any other point represented with a black boundary monument symbol. Boundary monuments with geodetic position are also collected in the Survey Control and Markers category.

International boundaries will occasionally have points on the boundary, over water, which are depicted with the located object symbol and numbered. These points are to be collected and given this code. These points will also have a reference monument in the vicinity (see code 090 0301).

If the monument is numbered, also use parameter codes 095 and 096 as appropriate. This code does not apply to 1:100,000-scale maps.

3.5.3 Area Attribute Codes

This code identifies a point placed within an area delineated by symbols 205(A), 112.77(B), 512.126(C), or 2107.03(D). The minor civil division column of Appendix 3.5.A identifies, for each State or state equivalent, the entity or entities collected using this code. Only minor civil divisions with active governments, as identified in the current FIPS Publication 55, are collected in the DLG, with the following two exceptions: 1) although some minor civil divisions in Nebraska are active, they are not collected, and 2) although the minor civil division in West Virginia are not active, they are collected.

This code identifies a point placed within an area delineated by symbols 206(A), 512.127(C), or 2107.04(D). It is also always added to independent cities. The city column of Appendix 3.5.A identifies, for each State or state equivalent, the entity or entities collected using this code. This code does not apply to 1:100,000-scale maps.

Refer to Appendix 3.5.B and Appendix 3.5.C for coding information.

Refer to Appendix 3.5.B and Appendix 3.5.C for coding information.

Refer to Appendix 3.5.B and Appendix 3.5.C for coding information.

Refer to Appendix 3.5.B and Appendix 3.5.C for coding information.

This code identifies a point placed within an Indian reservation delineated by symbols 207(A), 112.78(B), 512.128(C), or 2107.05(D). They may also have boundaries symbolized with a solid red line, symbol 523.14(C).

Rancherias are a type of Indian reservation found only in California.

If a solid red line is labeled with the name "Old Indian Reservation Boundary," neither the area nor the line is collected.

Indian allotments, which are collected in the U.S. Public Land Survey System category, are not Indian reservations.

Refer to Appendix 3.5.B and Appendix 3.5.C for coding information.

Refer to Appendix 3.5.B and Appendix 3.5.C for coding information.

Refer to Appendix 3.5.B and Appendix 3.5.C for coding information.

Refer to Appendix 3.5.B and Appendix 3.5.C for coding information.

Refer to Appendix 3.5.B and Appendix 3.5.C for coding information.

Refer to Appendix 3.5.B and Appendix 3.5.C for coding information.

Refer to Appendix 3.5.B and Appendix 3.5.C for coding information.

Refer to Appendix 3.5.B and Appendix 3.5.C for coding information.

This code identifies a point placed within a county reservation other than park. The area is delineated by symbols 207, 209 (A); 112.78 (B), 512.128, 512.129 (C); or 2107.05, 2107.06 (D). Some examples are County Game Preserve or County Forest. Also refer to Appendix 3.5.B and Appendix 3.5.C for coding information.

This code identifies a point placed within an area delineated by symbols 500(A), 112.78(B), 523.10(C), or 2502.01(D). Code 300 0103 is not used for ahupuaas because they are not part of the Public Land Survey System. More explanation of this code is given in section 3.5.1.

This code identifies a point placed within an area delineated by symbols 207(A), 112.78(B), 512.128(C), or 2107.05(D). Codes 090 0111 and 090 0129 are not used for Hawaiian homesteads because they are not reservations. More explanation of this code is given in section 3.5.1.

This code identifies a point placed within a regional, city, county, or private park delineated by symbols 207(A), 112.78, 112.79 (B), 512.128(C), or 2107.05(D). If the boundary is not symbolized, the park may be delineated by cleared tint or by corner ticks indicating what part of the cleared area is used as a park. This feature will always be labeled "Park" or named. In some cases, named parks may have the term field in their name, rather than the term park (for example, "Farwell Field"). Some judgement must be used in determining if a named field is a park or an athletic field (which is collected in the Manmade Features category, using code 200 0122).

In digital revision, use this code only for county parks greater than or equal to 0.5 square miles.

This code identifies a point placed within a regional, city, county, or private park delineated by symbols 209(A), 512.129(C), or 2107.06(D). If the boundary is not symbolized, the park may be delineated by cleared tint or by corner ticks indicating what part of the cleared area is used as a park. This feature will always be labeled "Park" or named. In some cases, named parks may have the term field in their name, rather than the term park (for example, "Farwell Field"). Some judgement must be used in determining if a named field is a park or an athletic field (which is collected in the Manmade Features category, using code 200 0122).

This code does not apply to collection from1:100,000-scale maps; see code 090 0150. In digital revision, use this code for all city and private parks, and for county parks less than 5square miles.

This code identifies a point placed within the boundaries of Canada. The boundary between Canada and the United States is delineated by symbols 202(A), 112.74(B), 512.123(C), or 2107.01(D).

This code identifies a point placed within the boundaries of Mexico. The boundary between Mexico and the United States is delineated by symbols 202(A), 112.74(B), 512.123(C), or 2107.01(D).

This code identifies a point placed within water areas on coastal quadrangles, where State boundaries are dropped at the shoreline.

3.5.4 Line Attribute Codes

This code is no longer used. Approximate boundaries are collected using code 090 0201.

This code identifies a boundary for which the accuracy of location does not meet National Map Accuracy Standards for well-defined features. Indefinite boundaries of county rank or higher appear on 1:100,000- and 1:24,000-scale maps with standard symbolization but reduced to one-half the specified lineweight and labeled "Indefinite Boundary" or "Approximate Boundary." Those of less than county rank are shown with normal symbolization and lineweight and are labeled "Indefinite Boundary." Indefinite boundaries are shown by symbols 212(A), 112.80(B), or 512.130(C).

This code identifies a State, county, or national reservation boundary which is unmarked and cannot be located on the ground from other substantial evidence, which has a disputed location, or for which the recorded description cannot be reconciled with local conditions. Disputed boundaries are labeled "Indefinite" on the map with an additional marginal note.

This code applies only to the Von Schmidt line along the California and Nevada border. Any other historical lines shown on the map (such as the boundaries of old Indian, military, or lighthouse reservations) are not collected in the DLG, unless they limit public lands, in which case they are collected in the U.S. Public Land Survey System.

This code identifies lines digitized to complete unclosed boundaries. The boundary closure line code is used wherever a boundary line is not shown on the map. The only exception is where a boundary is broken for a label, such as in the center of a stream; in this case the unattributed line is carried through the center of label.

Where a boundary is not shown on the graphic because of a symbol conflict with a higher order feature such as a shoreline, road, or railroad, the shoreline, the centerline of the road, or the railroad is followed and assigned the boundary closure line code.

If a boundary line comes up to another feature, and the symbolized boundary line turns the corner and is then dropped, the boundary closure line is collected from the point where the boundary turns the corner or intersects the second feature. The unattributed line is not carried around the corner.

All States extend at least three miles into open water, so they are treated as extending into the open water to the quad edge. Counties may or may not extend into the open water. The digital treatment is based on the graphic treatment.

If a quadrangle lies entirely within one State, and the county boundary stops at the shoreline, the shoreline is digitized and assigned the boundary closure line code. The offshore area is assigned the State FIPS only.

In the case of a national or State boundary that stops at a shoreline, a line approximating the shoreline is digitized and assigned the boundary closure line code. The offshore area is then coded 090 0199 (Open water). In the case where a national, State, or county boundary is extended out from the shore and dropped, an arbitrary line is digitized by extending the line from the drop point to the quadrangle neat line and assigned the boundary closure line code. The water area within the boundary is given the same codes as the equivalent land area. Offshore islands are included with the onshore political entity, even where the political boundaries stop at the shoreline. Extend the closure line to include any coastal features which can logically be assumed to be included in the political entity.

An offshore island without a boundary but labeled as a park, wildlife area, etcetera is assigned the appropriate park or wildlife area code, and otherwise coded consistently with the onshore political entity. A line that follows the shoreline is digitized and assigned the boundary closure line code.

The code 090 0000 (Photorevised feature) is not used in conjunction with this code.

This code is described in section 3.0.6.3.

3.5.5 Single-Point Attribute Codes

This code identifies a monumented point not on a boundary line, but serving as a reference to establish the location of a point on the boundary. Reference monuments are shown by symbols 226(A) or 512.105(C). If the monument is numbered or labeled, also use code 095 ---- or 096 ---- as appropriate.

3.5.6 General Purpose Attribute Codes

There are no general purpose attribute codes.

3.5.7 Descriptive Attribute Codes

There are no descriptive attribute codes.

3.5.8 Parameter Attribute Codes

This code is described in section 3.0.6.4. It is applied to the area point when the name or label is in purple, and to the bounding line when the line is purple.

Enter the two-digit State or State equivalent FIPS code.

Enter the three-digit county or county equivalent (for example, parish or independent city) FIPS code.

Enter the first two digits of the five-digit township or township equivalent FIPS code.

Enter the last three digits of the five-digit township or township equivalent FIPS code.

Enter the one- to four-digit monument number, flush right.

This code is used to encode one or two letters of the alphabetic portion of any monument number, by substituting numbers for the letters as follows:

00 = blank, 01 = A, 02 = B, 03 = C, 04 = D, 05 = E, 06 = F, 07 = G, 08 = H, 09 = I, 10 = J, 11 = K, 12 = L, 13 = M, 14 = N, 15 = O, 16 = P, 17 = Q, 18 = R, 19 = S, 20 = T, 21 = U, 22 = V, 23 = W, 24 = X, 25 = Y, 26 = Z.

If one letter is encoded it will be entered in the YY portion of the code with blank coded into the XX portion. This code is used in conjunction with the appropriate code 095 ----, if the monument designation is mixed numeric and alphabetic; this code precedes or follows the code for the numeric portion of the monument number in accordance with its actual position.

This code is no longer used.

This code is no longer used.